{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T15:37:11Z","timestamp":1780501031717,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,2]],"date-time":"2008-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1212364800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Human Psychopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Research shows that users of ecstasy (MDMA) exhibit deficits in executive processes. The updating component appears to be particularly susceptible. Less is known about the precise nature of such deficits. The present study sought to determine if ecstasy\u2010related deficits in memory updating are related to serial position of items presented, or length of the list of items.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>Seventy\u2010three ecstasy\/polydrug users and seventy\u2010three non\u2010ecstasy users completed tasks of verbal and spatial memory running memory, recalling the most recent items, in lists of varying and unknown length. Participants were categorised according to letter and spatial span (four, five or six), producing six sub\u2010samples for analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ecstasy\u2010polydrug users were impaired in four out of the six sub\u2010sample analyses. Three of these were due to impaired recall of earlier serial positions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results of the present study provide further support for updating deficits in ecstasy\u2010polydrug users. The results are suggestive of a breakdown in the maintenance of information in working memory in terms of chunking; it appears that ecstasy\/polydrug users are as able as non\u2010ecstasy users to form memory \u2018chunks\u2019 from the items, but that such chunks are not retained as effectively. 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