{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T09:24:47Z","timestamp":1766136287384},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,20]],"date-time":"2012-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1327017600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Hydrological Processes"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>We studied the problem of local\u2010 and field\u2010scale infiltration over a particular class of heterogeneous soils. At the local scale, the soils are described as being vertically non\u2010uniform, with the saturated hydraulic conductivity continuously decreasing with depth according to a power law function. Analogous to the Green\u2013Ampt model, analytical expressions are first developed for local\u2010scale infiltration using a sharp front approximation, and model results are compared with numerical solutions of the Richards equation. These results show that saturation does not occur from below in soils with such vertical non\u2010uniformity, thereby allowing for the use of a sharp front approximation. Because of vertical non\u2010uniformity, ponding conditions are achieved locally even for rainfall rates less than the surface saturated hydraulic conductivity. Furthermore, infiltration rates asymptotically approach zero at long times. To determine field\u2010scale infiltration properties, the spatial variability in the surface saturated hydraulic conductivity is represented by a log\u2010normal random field. Using cumulative infiltration as the independent variable, expressions are developed for the ensemble mean of field\u2010scale infiltration and the expected time for a given depth of water to infiltrate over the field. Surface horizontal heterogeneity is found to control field\u2010scale infiltration at small times, whereas local vertical non\u2010uniformity exerts a strong control at long times. Copyright \u00a9 2011 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hyp.8454","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,20]],"date-time":"2011-12-20T06:03:24Z","timestamp":1324361004000},"page":"3293-3301","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Local\u2010 and field\u2010scale infiltration into vertically non\u2010uniform soils with spatially\u2010variable surface hydraulic conductivities"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Rao S.","family":"Govindaraju","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Engineering Purdue University  West Lafayette IN 47907 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Corradini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Perugia University  Via Duranti 93 06125 Perugia Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Morbidelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Perugia University  Via Duranti 93 06125 Perugia Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2136\/sssaj1983.03615995004700030004x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02626668209491129"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02626668409490960"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/WR024i001p00145"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/WR005i002p00446"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13031\/2013.32415"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13031\/2013.27898"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-1694(96)03110-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-1694(97)00100-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hyp.394"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hydrol.2010.11.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hyp.7601"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/WR019i002p00413"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hyp.3360060202"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hydrol.2009.05.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)0733-9437(1988)114:3(561)"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1061\/JRCEA4.0000713","article-title":"One\u2010dimensional infiltration into layered soils","volume":"90","author":"Fok Y\u2010S","year":"1970","journal-title":"Journal Irrigation and Drainage Division"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)1084-0699(2001)6:2(150)"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2005.04.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0021859600001441"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2136\/sssaj1962.03615995002600060007x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","volume-title":"Groundwater Quality and Management","author":"Hantush MM","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1752-1688.1987.tb00804.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2136\/sssaj1972.03615995003600050010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00010694-198807000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13031\/2013.28275"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2136\/sssaj2007.0119"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)HE.1943\u20105584.0000308"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1694(81)90093-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1694(84)90236-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/WR009i002p00384"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_33_1","unstructured":"MillyPCD EaglesonPS.1982.Infiltration and evaporation at inhomogeneous land surfaces.MIT Ralph M. 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