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During the last two decades, cell\u2010based therapy, including stem cells and none\u2010stem cells has been increasingly considered as a therapeutic option in various diseases. This is partly due to the unique properties of stem cells that divide and differentiate from the specialized cells in the damaged tissue. Moreover, stem cells and none\u2010stem cells, impose immunomodulatory properties affecting the diseases caused by immunological abnormalities such as rheumatic autoimmune disorders. In the present review, the efficacy of cell\u2010based therapy with four main types of stem cells, including mesenchymal stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells, embryonic stem cells, and human amniotic membrane cells, as well as none\u2010stem cells, including regulatory T cells, chimeric antigen receptor\u00a0T cells, and tolerogenic dendritic cells will be evaluated. Moreover, other related issues, including safety, changes in immunological parameters, suitable choice of stem cell and none\u2010stem cell origin, conditioning regimen, limitations, and complications will be discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/iid3.1091","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,24]],"date-time":"2023-11-24T00:23:12Z","timestamp":1700785392000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Cell\u2010based therapies for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4429-6400","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maryam Zare","family":"Moghaddam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences  Yazd Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad 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