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COVID\u201019 is higher in men than women and sex hormones have immune\u2010modulator effects during different viral infections, including SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection. One of the essential sex hormones is progesterone (P4). <jats:bold>Aims<\/jats:bold>: This review aimed to reveal the association between P4 and Covid\u201019. <jats:bold>Results and Discussion<\/jats:bold>: The possible role of P4 in COVID\u201019 could be beneficial through the modulation of inflammatory signaling pathways, induction of the release of anti\u2010inflammatory cytokines, and inhibition release of pro\u2010inflammatory cytokines. P4 stimulates skew of na\u00efve T cells from inflammatory Th1 toward anti\u2010inflammatory Th2 with activation release of anti\u2010inflammatory cytokines, and activation of regulatory T cells (Treg) with decreased interferon\u2010gamma production that increased during SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection. In addition, P4 is regarded as a potent antagonist of mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), it could reduce MRs that were activated by stimulated aldosterone from high AngII during SARS\u2010CoV\u20102. P4 active metabolite allopregnanolone is regarded as a neurosteroid that acts as a positive modulator of \u03b3\u2010aminobutyric acid (GABA<jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub>) so it may reduce neuropsychiatric manifestations and dysautonomia in COVID\u201019 patients. <jats:bold>Conclusion<\/jats:bold>: Taken together, the anti\u2010inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties of P4 may improve central and peripheral complications in COVID\u201019.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/iid3.1100","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,28]],"date-time":"2023-11-28T16:09:24Z","timestamp":1701187764000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["New insights on the potential effect of progesterone in Covid\u201019: Anti\u2010inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Hayder M.","family":"Al\u2010Kuraishy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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