{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T14:07:48Z","timestamp":1788962868644,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,2]],"date-time":"2024-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706832000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706745600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Immunity Inflam &amp; Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Inflammatory response of central nervous system is an important component mechanism in the bladder pain of interstitial cystitis\/bladder pain syndrome (IC\/BPS). Exosomes transfer with microRNAs (miRNA) from mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) might inhibit inflammatory injury of the central nervous system. Herein, the purpose of our study was to explore the therapeutic effects by which extracellular vesicles \uff08EVs\uff09 derived from miR\u20109\u2010edreched MSCs in IC\/BPS and further investigate the potential mechanism to attenuate neuroinflammation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>On the basis of IC\/BPS model, we used various techniques including bioinformatics, cell and molecular biology, and experimental zoology, to elucidate the role and molecular mechanism of TLR4 in regulating the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in bladder pain of IC\/BPS, and investigate the mechanism and feasibility of MSC\u2010EVs enriched with miR\u20109 in the treatment of bladder pain of IC\/BPS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The inflammatory responses in systemic and central derived by TLR4 activation were closely related to the cystitis\u2010induced pelvic\/bladder nociception in IC\/BPS model. Intrathecal injection of miR\u20109\u2010enreched MSCs derived exosomes were effective in the treatment of cystitis\u2010induced pelvic\/bladder nociception by inhibiting TLR4\/NF\u2011\u03bab\/NLRP3 signal pathway in central nervous system of IC\/BPS mice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study demonstrated that miR\u20109\u2010enreched MSCs derived exosomes alleviate neuroinflammaiton and cystitis\u2010induced bladder pain by inhibiting TLR4\/NF\u2011\u03bab\/NLRP3 signal pathway in interstitial cystitis mice, which is a promising strategy against cystitis\u2010induced bladder pain.<\/jats:p>\n                  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