{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:45:22Z","timestamp":1786977922806,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,19]],"date-time":"2024-07-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721347200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":18,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Immunity Inflam &amp;amp; Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Bile acids (BAs) concentration can affect metabolic improvement caused by bariatric surgery and BA concentrations increase in patients after sleeve gastrectomy (SG). Here, how BAs after SG affect metabolism in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) was studied.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mice were given high\u2010fat diet (HFD) to induce NAFLD and received SG surgery. Hepatic and fecal BA concentrations in mice were detected by liquid chromatography\u2010tandem mass spectrometry method. BA\u2010related genes were detected by quantitative real\u2010time polymerase chain reaction. G protein BA receptor 1 (GPBAR1) expression was identified using western blot analysis. NAFLD mice after SG received GPBAR1 inhibitor Triamterene. The weight of mice and mice liver was detected. Mouse liver tissue was observed by hematoxylin\u2013eosin and Oil Red O staining. Triglyceride (TG), nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA), and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels in mouse liver tissue were analyzed by metabolic assay and enzyme\u2010linked immune sorbent assay.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>SG boosted increase in hepatic total\/conjugated BAs and related genes and GPBAR1 expression, and attenuated increase in fecal total BAs\/muricholic acid in HFD\u2010induced mice and increased fecal taurine\u2010BAs in HFD\u2010induced mice. Triamterene (72\u2009mg\/kg) reversed the inhibitory role of SG in HFD\u2010induced increase of body weight, lipid accumulation, inflammatory cell infiltration, and increase of hepatic weight and TG\/NEFA content, and counteracted the positive role of SG in HFD\u2010induced increase of hepatic cAMP concentration in mice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>BAs improve metabolism via activating GPBAR1 to increase cAMP in NAFLD mice after SG.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/iid3.1149","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,19]],"date-time":"2024-07-19T09:58:08Z","timestamp":1721383088000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Increase in bile acids after sleeve gastrectomy improves metabolism by activating GPBAR1 to increase cAMP in mice with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Guoliang","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastrointestinal Hepatobiliary Surgery The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University  Hangzhou City China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastrointestinal Hepatobiliary Surgery The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University  Hangzhou City China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lixin","family":"Chai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastrointestinal Hepatobiliary Surgery The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University  Hangzhou City China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qunhao","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastrointestinal Hepatobiliary Surgery The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University  Hangzhou City China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-4911-7248","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastrointestinal Hepatobiliary Surgery The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University  Hangzhou City 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