{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T10:07:55Z","timestamp":1788516475730,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,19]],"date-time":"2024-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710806400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":18,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Immunity Inflam &amp;amp; Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Down syndrome (DS) is associated with multiple comorbid conditions and chronic immune dysfunction. Persons with DS who contract COVID\u201019 are at high risk for complications and have a poor prognosis. We aimed to study the clinical symptoms, laboratory and biochemical profiles, radiologic findings, treatment, and outcomes of patients with DS and COVID\u201019.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>We systematically searched PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library using the keywords COVID\u201019 or coronavirus or SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 and DS or trisomy 21. Seventeen articles were identified: eight\u00a0case reports and nine case series published from December 2019 through March 2022, with a total of 55 cases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients averaged 24.8 years (26 days to 60 years); 29 of the patients were male. The most common symptoms were fever, dyspnea, and cough. Gastrointestinal and upper respiratory tract symptoms were commonly reported for pediatric patients. The most common comorbidities present in patients with DS were obesity (49.0%), hypothyroidism (21.6%) and obstructive sleep apnea (15.6%). The patients were hospitalized for a mean of 14.8 days. When the patients were compared with the general COVID\u201019 population, the mean number of hospitalized days was higher. Most patients had leukopenia, lymphopenia, and elevated inflammatory markers (<jats:sc>d<\/jats:sc>\u2010dimer and C\u2010reactive protein). Bilateral infiltrations and bilateral ground\u2010glass opacifications were frequently seen in chest radiographs and chest computed tomographic imaging. Most of the patients were treated with methylprednisolone, macrolides, and hydroxychloroquine. Of the 55 patients, 22 died. The mean age of the patients who died was 42.8 years. Mortality rate was higher in individuals with DS over 40 years of age.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>More studies are needed to better understand COVID\u201019 infections among persons with DS. In addition, the study was limited by a lack of statistical analyses and a specific comparison group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/iid3.1219","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,19]],"date-time":"2024-03-19T11:09:55Z","timestamp":1710846595000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["COVID\u201019 in patients with Down syndrome: A systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Praveen N. 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