{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T00:29:05Z","timestamp":1792024145900,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,19]],"date-time":"2024-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718755200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":18,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Immunity Inflam &amp;amp; Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The sequelae of pelvic inflammatory disease (SPID) are major causes of secondary infertility. Modified Hongteng Baijiang decoction (MHTBD) has produced positive results in the treatment of patients with chronic pelvic inflammatory disease; however, its role in SPID remains elusive. Therefore, this study clarified the role of MHTBD in SPID pathogenesis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The main components in MHTBD were analyzed by using liquid chromatography\u2012mass spectrometry (LC\/MS). An SPID rat model was established, and the rats were treated with different doses of MHTBD (0.504\u2009g of raw drug\/kg, 1.008\u2009g of raw drug\/kg, and 2.016\u2009g of raw drug\/kg). Endometrial pinopodes were observed via scanning electron microscopy, endometrial thickness and inflammatory cell infiltration were assessed via HE staining, and the expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), integrin \u03b23 (ITGB3), and CD31 in the endometrium was detected by using immunohistochemistry. Western blot analysis was used to detect the protein expression of LIF, JAK2, p\u2010JAK2, STAT3, and p\u2010STAT3 in the endometrium. Moreover, the changes in the gut microbiota were analyzed via 16S rRNA sequencing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      MHTBD improved endometrial receptivity, attenuated endometrial pathologic damage, reduced inflammatory cell infiltration, decreased ER and PR expression in the endometrium, and promoted the expression of LIF, p\u2010JAK2, and p\u2010STAT3 in the endometrium (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.05) in SPID rats. Additionally, MHTBD treatment affected the composition of the gut microbiota in SPID rats. Furthermore, MHTBD attenuated endometrial receptivity and pathological damage in SPID rats by promoting the LIF\/JAK2\/STAT3 pathway.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MHTBD attenuates SPID in rats by promoting the LIF\/JAK2\/STAT3 pathway and improving the composition of the gut microbiota. MHTBD may be a valuable drug for SPID therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/iid3.1300","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,19]],"date-time":"2024-06-19T09:55:52Z","timestamp":1718790952000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Modified Hongteng Baijiang decoction enema improves sequelae of pelvic inflammatory disease by regulating the LIF\/JAK2\/STAT3 pathway and gut microbiota"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Xiaoli","family":"Ji","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu Sichuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quan","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatrics Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu Sichuan 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