{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T15:58:50Z","timestamp":1778687930843,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,23]],"date-time":"2019-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1566518400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Immunity Inflam &amp;amp; Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Asthma is a disease of the lung and a systemic disease. Functional disorders are associated with multiple systemic abnormalities that have been explained by complexity models. The aim was to test the similarity in type and aetiology between the extra\u2010pulmonary symptoms of severe asthma and the symptoms of fibromyalgia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>One Hundred patients recruited from a specialist severe asthma clinic\u00a0and 1751 people reporting different functional disorder diagnoses recruited via the internet completed the same 60\u2010item questionnaire. Symptom patterns were compared between groups using a new measure, the symptom pattern similarity index where 0\u2009=\u2009no relationship, 1\u2009=\u2009identical patterns between groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Severe asthma patients report numerous extra\u2010pulmonary symptoms. The similarity index between the symptom pattern of the asthma patients with other groups was irritable bowel syndrome\u2009=\u20090.54, chronic fatigue syndrome\u2009=\u20090.69, and fibromyalgia\u2009=\u20090.75. The index between fibromyalgia and asthma patients with the most and least frequent extra\u2010pulmonary symptoms was 0.81 and 0.55 respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with severe asthma have numerous extra\u2010pulmonary symptoms similar in type and pattern to the symptoms of fibromyalgia. The similarity of the symptom pattern between asthma and fibromyalgia increases as the number of extra\u2010pulmonary symptoms increases as predicted by network theory and previously shown to be the case with other functional disorders. These findings support the hypothesis that functional disorders and extra\u2010pulmonary asthma symptoms have a common complexity or network aetiology. Evidence based\u00a0behavioural interventions for fibromyalgia may be helpful for patients with severe asthma reporting extra\u2010pulmonary symptoms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/iid3.263","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,23]],"date-time":"2019-08-23T09:39:15Z","timestamp":1566553155000},"page":"239-249","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Evidence for similarity in symptoms and mechanism: The extra\u2010pulmonary symptoms of severe asthma and the polysymptomatic presentation of fibromyalgia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3879-0469","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael E.","family":"Hyland","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology University of Plymouth of Plymouth Plymouth UK"},{"name":"University Hospitals Plymouth NHS Trust Plymouth UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph W.","family":"Lanario","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology University of Plymouth of Plymouth Plymouth UK"},{"name":"University Hospitals Plymouth NHS Trust Plymouth UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yinghui","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computing, Electronics and Mathematics University of Plymouth Plymouth UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rupert C.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Peninsula School of Medicine and Dentistry University of Plymouth Plymouth UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Masoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospitals Plymouth NHS Trust Plymouth UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00130832-200202000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.11-1838"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000003774"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MCP.0b013e32835b113a"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02770900903350473"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0034967"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03007995.2017.1354828"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11916-013-0356-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/17.10.2715"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_7_1_11_1","first-page":"35","article-title":"Prevalence of allergen\u2010specific IgE among patients with chronic fatigue syndrome","volume":"23","author":"Kowal K","year":"2002","journal-title":"Allergy Asthma Proc"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/rmed.2001.1409"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2015-207630"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2010.09.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2002-0014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1573397111666150619094819"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.1400121"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_18_1","first-page":"445","article-title":"Evidence for the existence of myalgic encephalomyelitis\/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME\/CFS) with and without abdominal discomfort (irritable bowel) syndrome","volume":"35","author":"Maes M","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinol Lett"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1351.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(97)00087-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2013.166"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)08320-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1532-2149.2014.00453.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(94)00077-W"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0000000000000588"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5056\/jnm.2011.17.2.131"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2007.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2007.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511976216"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biosystems.2017.12.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-134-9_Part_2-200105011-00011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00618-2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_33_1","unstructured":"GINA. 2018 GINA Report global strategy for asthma management and prevention. [cited 2018 Dec 12] Available from:http:\/\/ginasthma.org\/2018\u2010gina\u2010report\u2010global\u2010strategy\u2010for\u2010asthma\u2010management\u2010and\u2010prevention\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4613-8196-9"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_7_1_35_1","first-page":"S6","article-title":"Fibro\u2010fog","volume":"34","author":"Torta RG","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00076-2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.170095"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38905"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2016.05.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1710519114"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1513\/pats.200907-073DP"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.02198-2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2012.06633.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11605\/j.pnrs.201802005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2014.10.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13590840020013293"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(91)91371-Z"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4104\/pcrj.2012.00061"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-014-0801-x"}],"container-title":["Immunity, Inflammation and Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/iid3.263","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/iid3.263","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/iid3.263","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,4]],"date-time":"2023-09-04T18:20:29Z","timestamp":1693851629000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/iid3.263"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,23]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/iid3.263"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/iid3.263","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2050-4527","2050-4527"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2050-4527","type":"print"},{"value":"2050-4527","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-03-06","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-06-03","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-08-23","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}