{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T03:22:16Z","timestamp":1790392936221,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,2]],"date-time":"2020-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593648000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Unrestricted funds from Division of Basic and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Irvine, CA"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Immunity Inflam &amp;amp; Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is characterized by low immunoglobulin G and IgA\/IgM, decreased switched memory B cells, impaired response to vaccine, and an increased susceptibility to infections and autoimmunity. T<jats:sub>FH<\/jats:sub> cells play an important role in germinal center reaction where it supports isotype switching, somatic hypermutation, generation of memory B cells, and differentiation of B cells to plasma cells. The objective was to study the distribution of three subsets of T<jats:sub>FH<\/jats:sub> cells and their relationship with autoimmune diseases associated with CVID.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>T<jats:sub>FH<\/jats:sub> cells have been divided into T<jats:sub>FH<\/jats:sub>1 (interleukin 21 [IL\u201021] and interferon \u03b3), T<jats:sub>FH<\/jats:sub>2 (IL\u201021 and IL\u20104), and T<jats:sub>FH<\/jats:sub>17 (IL\u201021 and IL\u201017) cells. Mononuclear cells from 25 patients with CVID and age and gender\u2010matched controls were stained with various monoclonal antibodies (anti\u2010CD4 APC, anti\u2010CXCR5 FITC, anti\u2010CCR6 PerCP, and anti\u2010CXCR3 PE) and isotype controls and analyzed for T<jats:sub>FH<\/jats:sub>1 (CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CXCR5<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CXCR3<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CCR6<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>), T<jats:sub>FH<\/jats:sub>2 (CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CXCR5<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CXCR3<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>CCR6<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>), and T<jats:sub>FH<\/jats:sub>17 (CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CXCR5<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CXCR3<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>CCR6<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>) cells by multicolor flow cytometry. Twenty thousand cells were acquired and analyzed by FlowJo software. Statistical analysis of comparison of patients and healthy controls was performed by paired <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic> test using PRISM 7 software.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>T<jats:sub>FH<\/jats:sub>2 and T<jats:sub>FH<\/jats:sub>17 cells subpopulations of T<jats:sub>FH<\/jats:sub> cells were significantly decreased (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.003 and <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.006, respectively) in CVID as compared with controls. No significant difference was observed in any of T<jats:sub>FH<\/jats:sub> cell subpopulations between CVID with and those without autoimmunity group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Alterations in T<jats:sub>FH<\/jats:sub> cell subpopulation may play a role in defects in B cell compartment in CVID.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/iid3.326","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,3]],"date-time":"2020-07-03T06:01:02Z","timestamp":1593756062000},"page":"441-446","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Phenotypically defined subpopulations of circulating follicular helper T cells in common variable immunodeficiency"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Sait","family":"Yesillik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Basic and Clinical Immunology University of California Irvine California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7422-1453","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sudhir","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Basic and Clinical Immunology University of California Irvine California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/clim.1999.4799"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2015.12.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12098-016-2038-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2015.07.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.12.1077"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-018-0574-z"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","first-page":"5","article-title":"Autoimmunity and primary immunodeficiency disorders","volume":"36","author":"Allenspach E","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2007.11.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2016.07.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","first-page":"1263","article-title":"Development of cancer in patients with primary immunodeficiencies","volume":"28","author":"Salavoura K","year":"2008","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2016.00220"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00636"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cti.2015.41"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.00174"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1025373601374"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V99.5.1544"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-031210-101400"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-016-0268-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2010.10.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxv079"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.3054"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-041015-055605"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","first-page":"434","article-title":"Phenotype and function of memory Tfh cells in human blood. 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