{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T19:04:13Z","timestamp":1760123053478,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]],"date-time":"2020-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604188800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81702074"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81702074"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Immunity Inflam &amp;amp; Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> Paratyphi A causes paratyphoid A, a severe systemic disease of people and remains a major public health problem in many parts of the world. In the interest of researching the roles of <jats:italic>sptP<\/jats:italic> on <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> Paratyphi A and developing a live\u2010attenuated vaccine candidate, an <jats:italic>sptP<\/jats:italic> mutant of <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> Paratyphi A SPA017 (SPA017\u0394<jats:italic>sptP<\/jats:italic>) was constructed, and then its characterization, immunogenicity, and protective ability were evaluated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The deletion of <jats:italic>sptP<\/jats:italic> had no effect on growth and biochemical properties. Adhesion and invasion assays showed that the lack of <jats:italic>sptP<\/jats:italic> did not affect the adhesion of <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> Paratyphi A, but the invasive ability of the mutant strain was significantly decreased, the half\u2010lethal dose (LD<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>) of the mutant strain was 1.43\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>4<\/jats:sup> times of the parent strain in intraperitoneally injected mice. Single intraperitoneal vaccination with SPA017\u0394<jats:italic>sptP<\/jats:italic> (1\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup> CFU) in mice did not affect the body weight or elicit clinical symptoms relative to the control group, SPA017\u0394<jats:italic>sptP<\/jats:italic> bacteria were isolated from livers and spleens of vaccinated mice at 14 days postvaccination. Notably, specific humoral and cellular immune responses were significantly induced. The protective assessment showed that the mutant strain could provide high\u2010level protection against subsequent challenge with the wild\u2010type SPA017 strain.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>These results demonstrated that SptP plays an essential role in the pathogenicity of <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> Paratyphi A, and <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> Paratyphi A lacking <jats:italic>sptP<\/jats:italic> is immunogenic and protective in mice.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/iid3.369","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,2]],"date-time":"2020-11-02T06:32:40Z","timestamp":1604298760000},"page":"774-781","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Characterization and protective efficacy of a <i>sptP<\/i> mutant of <i>Salmonella<\/i> Paratyphi A"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Pengtao","family":"Pan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical College Xinxiang University Xinxiang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fanyu","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical College Xinxiang University Xinxiang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chuanshan","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Hospital Shanxi Medical University Taiyuan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qunli","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical College Zhengzhou University of Industrial Technology Zhengzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3939-2382","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junlei","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical College Xinxiang University Xinxiang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(02)00225-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0000000000000479"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/004947559402400125"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002925"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmmcr.0.005127"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0007416"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)62708-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.284.5418.1322"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2005.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2009.01.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00647-16"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1996.tb02571.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.180.13.3393-3399.1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2003.03840.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-017-1115-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103795"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.120163297"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","first-page":"77","article-title":"Calculation of the index of acute toxicity by the method of linear regression. 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