{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T14:23:49Z","timestamp":1784298229701,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,28]],"date-time":"2021-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627430400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Immunity Inflam &amp;amp; Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pre\u2010eclampsia (PE) is mainly attributed to the inflammation of trophoblast cells in pregnant women, which results in damage to the maternal organs and growth retardation of the fetus. Alkaloid leonurine (LNR) is a plant compound and has anti\u2010inflammatory effects. Here we aimed to investigate the effects of LNR on human and mouse trophoblast cells and the underlying mechanisms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The levels of the inflammatory factors in trophoblast cells under lipopolysaccharides (LPS) stimulation were analyzed with ELISA. Western blot was employed to examine the protein expression. Trophoblast cells in Mammalian ste20\u2010like kinase 1 (MST1<jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>) or wild type (WT) mice were isolated to examine the expression of signal molecules in the nuclear factor\u2010\u03baB (NF\u2010\u03baB) pathway. Concentration\u2010dependent activity of NF\u2010\u03baB was examined. The regulation of LNR and MST1 in MST1<jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup> trophoblast cells was studied as well.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our data showed that LNR exhibited anti\u2010inflammatory effects and suppressed the NF\u2010\u03baB signaling by inhibiting LPS\u2010induced inflammation in trophoblast cells. LNR upregulated the expression of MST1, and the anti\u2010inflammatory role of LNR was greatly relieved in MST1\u2010knockout trophoblast cells, although it displayed weak roles in NF\u2010\u03baB signaling.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>LNR exhibits anti\u2010inflammatory effects on human and mouse trophoblast cells by upregulating MST1 in the NF\u2010\u03baB signal pathway.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/iid3.493","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,28]],"date-time":"2021-07-28T04:42:47Z","timestamp":1627447367000},"page":"1439-1446","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Alkaloid leonurine exerts anti\u2010inflammatory effects via modulating MST1 expression in trophoblast cells"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2920-5152","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fang","family":"Zong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department 3 of Obstetrics Cangzhou Central Hospital  Cangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6596-5562","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yingzi","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department 3 of Obstetrics Cangzhou Central Hospital  Cangzhou 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