{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T18:33:01Z","timestamp":1787682781900,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,9]],"date-time":"2021-11-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1636416000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006483","name":"AbbVie","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006483","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Immunity Inflam &amp;amp; Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Inflammatory signals in the sacroiliac (SI) joints and the aorta of patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) were graded by positron emission tomography\/computed tomography (PET\/CT) imaging before and after treatment with sulfasalazine (SSZ) or adalimumab (ADA).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with axSpA, Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI)\u2009\u2265\u20094, were recruited. Disease\u2010modifying antirheumatic drug\u2010na\u00efve patients started SSZ for 12 weeks, whereas those with prestudy treatment with or contraindication to SSZ commenced ADA for 16 weeks. In addition, those patients in the SSZ group with insufficient response commenced ADA for 16 weeks. 18F\u2010fluorodeoxyglucose\u00a0PET\/CT was performed after inclusion and after treatment with SSZ and ADA. Maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) was assessed for the aorta and the SI joints, and maximal target\u2010to\u2010blood\u2010pool ratio (TBRmax) only for the aorta.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among five SSZ patients, mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009SD BASDAI was 4.7\u2009\u00b1\u20091.6 before and 3.5\u2009\u00b1\u20091.4 after treatment (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.101).\u00a0In 13 ADA patients, the BASDAI decreased from 5.4\u2009\u00b1\u20091.6 to 2.8\u2009\u00b1\u20092.2 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001). Among the SSZ patients, SUVmax in SI joints decreased from 2.35\u2009\u00b1\u20090.55 to 1.51\u2009\u00b1\u20090.22 (\u221235.8%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.029). Aortic TBRmax decreased from 1.59\u2009\u00b1\u20090.43 to 1.26\u2009\u00b1\u20090.26 (\u221233.2%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.087). In the ADA patients, SUVmax in the SI joints was 1.92\u2009\u00b1\u20090.65 before and 1.88\u2009\u00b1\u20090.54 after treatment (\u22121.8%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.808) and TBRmax in the aorta 1.50\u2009\u00b1\u20090.60 before and 1.40\u2009\u00b1\u20090.26 after treatment (\u22126.7%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.485).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our small\u00a0open\u2010label study showed that SSZ may reduce PET\u2010CT\u2010detectable inflammation in the SI joints, with a trend towards a reduction in the aorta.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/iid3.552","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,10]],"date-time":"2021-11-10T10:50:01Z","timestamp":1636541401000},"page":"155-162","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Adalimumab and sulfasalazine in alleviating sacroiliac and aortic inflammation detected in PET\/CT in patients with axial spondyloarthritis: PETSPA"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Juha\u2010Pekka","family":"Kaijasilta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine P\u00e4ij\u00e4t\u2010H\u00e4me Central Hospital Lahti Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2257-3291","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anne M.","family":"Kerola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine P\u00e4ij\u00e4t\u2010H\u00e4me Central Hospital Lahti Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Riitta","family":"Tuompo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of\u00a0Rheumatology, Inflammation Center Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heikki","family":"Relas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of\u00a0Rheumatology, Inflammation Center Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antti","family":"Loimaala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Imaging Center Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannu","family":"Koivu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine P\u00e4ij\u00e4t\u2010H\u00e4me Central Hospital Lahti Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jukka","family":"Schildt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Imaging Center Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tuomas","family":"Kerola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine P\u00e4ij\u00e4t\u2010H\u00e4me Central Hospital Lahti Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kari","family":"Eklund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of\u00a0Rheumatology, Inflammation Center Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland"},{"name":"Orton Hospital Helsinki Finland"},{"name":"Translational Immunology Program (TRIMM), Faculty of Medicine University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markku J.","family":"Kauppi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine P\u00e4ij\u00e4t\u2010H\u00e4me Central Hospital Lahti Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tuomo V. 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