{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T00:48:14Z","timestamp":1783730894165,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,11]],"date-time":"2022-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652227200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019A1515011407"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019A1515011407"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Immunity Inflam &amp;amp; Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>To analyze the epidemic characteristics of the human rhinovirus (HRV) outbreaks in Guangzhou, China, in 2020.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the HRV\u2010related\u00a0outbreaks in Guangzhou, 2020.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Seventeen outbreaks were reported in 2020 during the coronavirus disease 2019\u00a0(COVID\u201019) pandemic in Guangzhou, a total of 465 patients (290 males and 175 females) were enrolled, with a median age of 10. A total of 223 (47.96%) had been tested for HRV, 89 (39.91%) of which were positive; 344\/465 (73.98%) had a fever, 138\/465 (29.68%) had a runny nose, 139\/465 (29.89%) had a sore throat, 86\/465 (18.49%) had a cough, 41\/465 (8.82%) had a headache, and 37\/465 (7.96%) had a sneeze. Patients at age of 13\u201315 had the highest rate of sore throat and runny nose, patients aged 11\u201312 had the highest rate of sneezing, and patients at age of 12\u201314 had the highest rate of positive rate. Patients tested positive had a higher rate of fever (<jats:italic>\u03c7<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup><\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200911.271, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.001), cough (<jats:italic>\u03c7<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup><\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20096.987, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.008), runny nose (<jats:italic>\u03c7<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup><\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20097.980, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.005), and sneeze (<jats:italic>\u03c7<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup><\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20094.676, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.031).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The HRV was restored during the fighting of the COVID\u201019 pandemic. The conventional COVID\u201019 control measures were not effective enough in preventing rhinovirus. More appropriate control measures should be used to control HRV.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/iid3.632","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,11]],"date-time":"2022-05-11T07:50:42Z","timestamp":1652255442000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Epidemiology of rhinovirus under the COVID\u201019 pandemic in Guangzhou, China, 2020"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Jianyun","family":"Lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Director Guangzhou Baiyun District Center for Disease Control and Prevention Guangzhou Guangdong P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiantian","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Human Virology | Zhongshan School of Medicine | Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of Education Sun Yat\u2010sen University Guangzhou P. R. 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China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2462-4232","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Di","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Registration Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention Guangzhou P. R. 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