{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,18]],"date-time":"2025-10-18T21:02:20Z","timestamp":1760821340392,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,25]],"date-time":"2022-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658707200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Immunity Inflam &amp;amp; Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Lung transplant recipients (LuTX) represent a vulnerable population for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS\u2010CoV\u20102). Even though many vaccines are already developed, more clinical data need to support effective immunological response in immunocompromised patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Stable LuTX recipients with no medical history of coronavirus disease (COVID\u201019) were enrolled. Currently available messenger RNA (mRNA) (BNT162b2\u2010mRNA, mRNA\u20101273) and non\u2010mRNA (ChAdOx1, BBIBP\u2010CorV) vaccines were given according to availability, boosters were all mRNA\u2010based. SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 Spike1 immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody titer was evaluated before and 2 weeks after second and third dose. Difference between mRNA versus non\u2010mRNA vaccines was assessed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Forty\u2010one patients (49% men, age 48.4\u2009\u00b1\u200913.8 years) received two doses of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 vaccines: 23 of mRNA, 18 of non\u2010mRNA, and 24\/41 (58%) received a third dose. Median 92 months passed since transplantation, and serum level of tacrolimus was median 5.5\u2009ng\/ml. Positive serology was found in 37% of all patients after the second dose, 86% had mRNA vaccine. After the third dose, 29% became positive who had no antibody before. Significantly higher level of antibody was found after the second mRNA than non\u2010mRNA vaccines (2.2 vs. 1568.8\u2009U\/ml, respectively, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.002). 6\/23 (26%) patients received two doses of mRNA vaccine developed COVID\u201019 after the second injection in an average of 178 days, half of them recovered, half of them died in intensive care unit (ICU). 3\/6 (50%) patients with two doses mRNA and recovered from COVID\u201019 had significantly higher level of antibody (average 20847.3\u2009U\/ml) than without infection. After the booster vaccine, 1\/24 (4%) developed infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Immunosuppression therapy may induce a weaker SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 response in LuTX recipients; therefore, third dose is a priority in transplanted patients. The highest antibody level was measured recovering from COVID after two doses. Our data confirm that booster mRNA vaccine could increase antibody levels, even if immunization was started with non\u2010mRNA vaccine.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/iid3.646","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,25]],"date-time":"2022-07-25T14:58:13Z","timestamp":1658761093000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Serological findings following the second and third SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 vaccines in lung transplant recipients"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9644-4172","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Enik\u0151","family":"B\u00e1rczi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology, Faculty of Medicine Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vikt\u00f3ria","family":"Varga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology, Faculty of Medicine Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8713-9256","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra","family":"Nagy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology, Faculty of Medicine Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"No\u00e9mi","family":"Eszes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology, Faculty of Medicine Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6145-6595","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zsuzsanna","family":"J\u00e1ky\u2010Kov\u00e1ts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology, Faculty of Medicine Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1398-3187","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Veronika","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology, Faculty of Medicine Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8229-4254","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anik\u00f3","family":"Boh\u00e1cs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology, Faculty of Medicine Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40472-021-00322-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"37","volume-title":"Transplantation","author":"Azzi Y","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"NairV JandovitzN HirschJS et al.An early experience on the effect of solid organ transplant status on hospitalized COVID\u201019 patients.Am J Transplant.2021:1\u201010.doi:10.1111\/ajt.16460","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.16460"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2021.05.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2021.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines9070708"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(21)00184-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.12824"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tri.14153"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","first-page":"1135","article-title":"Update on coronavirus 2019 vaccine guidelines for transplant recipients","volume":"17","author":"Kute V","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2114255"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/L21-0282"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines9070708"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc2111462"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc2108861"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M21-3480"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"PeledY et al.Third dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine in heart transplant recipients: Immunogenicity and clinical experience.J. 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