{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T01:30:52Z","timestamp":1790127052160,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,26]],"date-time":"2024-11-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732579200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":25,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Immunity Inflam &amp;amp; Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a type of chronic inflammatory disorder that affects all age groups including children. AD is characterized by elevated inflammatory marker levels.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the safety and effectiveness of topical tacrolimus ointment versus topical hydrocortisone cream in the treatment of pediatric AD by comparing the two treatments' ability to reduce serum cytokines.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>One hundred AD patients who fulfilled the eligibility criteria completed this clinical study. Two groups of 50 AD patients each were selected from Tanta University's Dermatology Department., Group 1 (the hydrocortisone group) was administered topical hydrocortisone cream for a duration of 4 months. For 4 months, Group 2 was administered tacrolimus topically. Serum levels of thymus and activation regulated chemokine (TARC), cutaneous T cell attractant chemokine (CTAC), interleukin\u201010 (IL\u201010), interleukin\u20106 (IL\u20106), E selectin (E\u2010selectin), and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) were measured during an evaluation of the patients by a dermatologist at the beginning and 4 months after the treatment had been started. Children's Dermatology Life Quality Index was used to assess quality of life in these patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      With the exception of E\u2010selectin, IL\u20106, and IL\u201010 (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u2009.05), the tacrolimus group had a significant reduction in TARC, CTACK, TSLP (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.05) when compared to its baseline and when compared to the hydrocortisone group. Both groups showed a significant improvement in quality of life but no significant changes between groups were observed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In children with AD, tacrolimus reduces inflammatory biomarkers better than hydrocortisone.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/iid3.70028","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,26]],"date-time":"2024-11-26T07:28:58Z","timestamp":1732606138000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Tacrolimus versus hydrocortisone in management of atopic dermatitis in children, a randomized controlled double\u2010blind study: New insights on TARC, CTACK, TSLP, and E\u2010selectin"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Ammena 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