{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T07:05:00Z","timestamp":1789110300286,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,8]],"date-time":"2024-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728345600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Immunity Inflam &amp;amp; Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective and Rationale<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Inflammatory bowel disease, including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, manifests with chronic intestinal inflammation and frequent sequential fibrosis. Current pharmacological therapies may show harmful side effects and are not useful for prevention or resolution of fibrosis. Thus, the use of alternative therapies is emerging as a novel useful approach. Previous results suggest that\n                      <jats:italic>Scutellaria baicalensis<\/jats:italic>\n                      Georgi (\n                      <jats:italic>SBG<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) and\n                      <jats:italic>Boswellia serrata (BS)<\/jats:italic>\n                      display anti\u2010inflammatory properties. The aim of this study was to investigate in intestinal epithelial cells and fibroblasts the anti\u2010inflammatory and anti\u2010fibrotic potential of\n                      <jats:italic>SBG<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>BS<\/jats:italic>\n                      , alone or in combination.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (HT29), human intestinal epithelial cells (HIEC6) and human colon fibroblasts (CCD\u201018Co) were used. Cells were pretreated with\n                      <jats:italic>SBG<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>BS<\/jats:italic>\n                      and then exposed to pro\u2010inflammatory and pro\u2010fibrotic cytokines.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>SBG<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>BS<\/jats:italic>\n                      extracts significantly decreased pro\u2010inflammatory cytokine expression and improved epithelial restitution in HT29 and HIEC6 cells. Besides, fibrotic marker expression, including\n                      <jats:italic>SNAIL<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>ACTA2<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>ZNF281<\/jats:italic>\n                      , was strongly reduced. Colon myofibroblasts treated with\n                      <jats:italic>SBG<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>BS<\/jats:italic>\n                      showed a significant decrease of fibrotic markers as well.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>SBG<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>BS<\/jats:italic>\n                      extracts significantly reduce inflammation and impair fibrosis in intestinal epithelial cells and colon myofibroblasts. No cooperative effect is observed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/iid3.70036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,8]],"date-time":"2024-10-08T12:04:59Z","timestamp":1728389099000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Inhibition of intestinal inflammation and fibrosis by\n                    <i>Scutellaria Baicalensis<\/i>\n                    georgi and\n                    <i>Boswellia serrata<\/i>\n                    in human epithelial cells and fibroblasts"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0990-3201","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilaria","family":"Laudadio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine Sapienza University of Rome  Viale Regina Elena 324 Rome 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Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Carissimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine Sapienza University of Rome  Viale Regina Elena 324 Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noemi","family":"Scafa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine Sapienza University of Rome  Viale Regina Elena 324 Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Secci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technologies Sapienza University of Rome  P.le Aldo Moro Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"Vitali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences Sapienza University of Rome  Viale del Policlinico 155 Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5222-9497","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Stronati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine Sapienza University of Rome  Viale Regina Elena 324 Rome 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