{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T07:22:13Z","timestamp":1778138533112,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,13]],"date-time":"2025-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755043200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":12,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Immunity Inflam &amp;amp; Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study investigated clinical characteristics and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) features of central nervous system (CNS) complications in adults caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS\u2010CoV\u20102) Omicron variant.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We retrospectively examined adult patients with coronavirus disease\u20102019 (COVID\u201019), with or without CNS complications, hospitalized in China from December 2022 to August 2023.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010five patients with CNS complications (9 severe, 16 non\u2010severe) and 50 patients without CNS complications were examined. The percentage of patients with severe\/critical COVID\u201019 was relatively higher in the CNS complications group (24% [6\/25] vs. 12% [6\/50]). Procalcitonin and creatine kinase levels, and leukocyte\u00a0and neutrophil counts were significantly higher in patients with CNS complications. Having severe CNS complications was associated with older age, comorbidities, and elevated creatine kinase and <jats:sc>d<\/jats:sc>\u2010dimer levels. Among 22 patients with CNS complications who underwent CSF testing, 10 (45%) had abnormal CSF cytology or biochemistry\u2014including 9 (41%) with elevated protein levels\u2014and 2 (9%) had increased white blood cell counts. Among the CSF samples tested, 2 (12%) and 3 (18%) tested positive for SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 and autoantibodies respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Older age, comorbidities, and elevated serum creatine kinase and <jats:sc>d<\/jats:sc>\u2010dimer levels were risk factors for severe CNS complications in adult patients with COVID\u201019. SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 was not detected in the CSF of most patients with CNS complications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/iid3.70247","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,13]],"date-time":"2025-08-13T10:59:07Z","timestamp":1755082747000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Clinical Features of Central Nervous System Complications Caused by the SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 Omicron Variant"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Tingting","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhirong","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qinfu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Disease People's Hospital of Longhua Shenzhen China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoying","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zunge","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chuli","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Weiqiang","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chuanghong","family":"Ke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children's Medical Center Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2333-1561","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huanqin","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang China"},{"name":"Department of Infectious Disease People's Hospital of Longhua Shenzhen China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","unstructured":"Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. 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