{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T06:02:28Z","timestamp":1776232948347,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761523200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":26,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Immunity Inflam &amp;amp; Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection can induce persistent immunosuppression. Soluble fibrinogen\u2010like protein 2 (sFGL2) is an emerging immune regulator. However, the correlation between sFGL2 and SARS\u2010CoV\u20102\u2013induced immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>sFGL2 levels and peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations (PBLSs) were measured simultaneously in 50 KTRs with COVID\u201019 on Day 1 and Day 7 after admission. An additional cohort of 15 stable KTRs without COVID\u201019 was recruited as the control group. sFGL2 was quantified using enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay, and PBLSs were analyzed with 6\u2010Color TBNK Reagent and quantified by flow cytometry.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      sFGL2 levels in the COVID\u201019 group were significantly higher than those in the stable group [64.33\u2009ng\/mL, interquartile range (IQR) 45.32\u2013111.94\u2009ng\/mL vs. 53.82\u2009ng\/mL, IQR 31.31\u201372.63\u2009ng\/mL;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.029]. Within the COVID\u201019 group, KTRs with pneumonia exhibited markedly higher sFGL2 levels than those without pneumonia (97.29\u2009ng\/mL, IQR 74.13\u2013141.82\u2009ng\/mL vs. 45.13\u2009ng\/mL, IQR 33.07\u201355.82\u2009ng\/mL;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). sFGL2 correlated with disease severity (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.692;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and sFGL2\u2009&gt;\u200970.58\u2009ng\/mL was identified as a risk factor for pneumonia [odds ratio (OR) 128.697; 95% confidence interval (CI) 8.339\u20131985.665;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001]. In addition, absolute PBLS counts were decreased in the COVID\u201019 group, and CD3\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      and CD8\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      T\u2010cell counts were negatively correlated with sFGL2 (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u20130.241 and \u20130.278;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.032 and 0.013, respectively). With clinical improvement of COVID\u201019, sFGL2 levels decreased while PBLS counts recovered.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>sFGL2 was associated with immunosuppression, disease severity, and prognosis in KTRs with COVID\u201019, suggesting that it could serve as a novel biomarker for monitoring immune status.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/iid3.70296","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T05:32:28Z","timestamp":1761629548000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["sFGL2 as a Potential Immunosuppressive Biomarker Associated With COVID\u201019 Severity in Kidney Transplant Recipients"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Yufei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Transplantation Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China"},{"name":"NHC Key Laboratory of Translational Research on Transplantation Medicine Changsha China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transplantation Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China"},{"name":"NHC Key Laboratory of Translational Research on Transplantation Medicine Changsha China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kai","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transplantation Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China"},{"name":"NHC Key Laboratory of Translational Research on Transplantation Medicine Changsha China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiang","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transplantation Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China"},{"name":"NHC Key Laboratory of Translational Research on Transplantation Medicine Changsha China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tianyin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transplantation Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China"},{"name":"NHC Key Laboratory of Translational Research on Transplantation Medicine Changsha China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transplantation Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China"},{"name":"NHC Key Laboratory of Translational Research on Transplantation Medicine Changsha 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