{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T23:10:23Z","timestamp":1773011423029,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772150400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":26,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Immunity Inflam &amp;amp; Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Wiskott\u2010Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is a rare X\u2010linked primary immunodeficiency characterized by microthrombocytopenia, eczema, and recurrent infections. While autoimmune complications are common in WAS, including autoimmune hemolytic anemia, vasculitis, and glomerulonephritis, type 1 diabetes has not been previously described.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Case Presentation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We report a 37\u2010year\u2010old man with longstanding leukopenia and recurrent infections who was diagnosed with WAS after genetic testing revealed a gain\u2010of\u2010function mutation in the WAS gene. During pre\u2010transplant evaluation for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, he was incidentally found to have a blood glucose level over 600\u2009mg\/dL and an A1c of 12.8%, along with classic symptoms of new\u2010onset diabetes. Antibody testing confirmed autoimmune diabetes with elevated GAD65 and ZnT8 antibodies, and C\u2010peptide of 1.2\u2009ng\/mL, with a glucose of 186\u2009mg\/dL. He was started on intravenous insulin and later discharged home on a basal\u2010bolus regimen.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of GAD65 and ZnT8 positive autoimmune diabetes in a patient with WAS. This case expands the spectrum of autoimmune disease associated with WAS and underscores the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion for atypical autoimmune presentations in patients with WAS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/iid3.70329","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T20:19:37Z","timestamp":1773001177000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Novel Autoimmune Presentation of Wiskott\u2010Aldrich Syndrome: Type 1 Diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Melanie Natasha","family":"Rayan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Ohio State University Medical Center Columbus Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yara","family":"Alshawabkeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Internal Medicine University of Central Florida\/HCA Florida North Florida Hospital Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samad","family":"Zia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Ohio State University Medical Center Columbus Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0077-0665","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luma","family":"Ghalib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Ohio State University Medical Center Columbus Ohio 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