{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T05:59:10Z","timestamp":1776146350700,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773792000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":17,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Immunity Inflam &amp;amp; Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The evolution of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 has increased global COVID\u201019 case prevalence. Healthcare workers (HCWs) are particularly susceptible to reinfection due to their exposure to infected patients. This study aimed to explore the risk factors for subsequent SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection among HCWs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective study was conducted in a teaching hospital affiliated with the Iran University of Medical Sciences between March 2021 and October 2021. HCWs completed an online survey to gather information about their COVID\u201019 infection history. Subsequent SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection was defined as two or more infections, regardless of the time frame interval. Individuals who experienced a second infection within 90 days of the initial infection were considered to have a recurrence, and others were considered to have a reinfection. The generalized estimation equation was utilized to develop a multivariable prediction model.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 601 HCWs (60.2% female), mostly aged 18\u201329 years (47.4%), participated in this study. We observed 90 episodes of subsequent SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection among HCWs, including 72 individuals (11.98%). Among them, 9 participants (1.5%) experienced recurrence, while 43 participants (7.1%) reported reinfection. In the multivariable analysis, vaccination significantly reduced the risk of subsequent SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection, whereas nurses and those working in COVID\u201019 wards faced twice the risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The frequency of subsequent SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection is significant among HCWs. Vaccination status, occupation type, and workplace are key factors influencing the risk of future infections.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/iid3.70355","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T09:51:45Z","timestamp":1773827505000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Subsequent SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 Infection in Healthcare Workers: A Retrospective Cohort Study in Iran"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7726-2752","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yeganeh","family":"Karimi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS) Tehran Iran"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran 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