{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T16:52:54Z","timestamp":1785257574547,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778630400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":12,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Immunity Inflam &amp;amp; Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Epstein\u2010Barr virus (EBV) and human herpesvirus 6 (HHV\u20106) are frequently linked to neuropsychiatric illnesses such as multiple sclerosis, depression, and chronic fatigue syndrome\/myalgic encephalomyelitis. These viruses may induce autoimmune reactions by molecular mimicry, leading to damage to self\u2010epitopes in the central nervous system (CNS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study seeks to explore the common pentapeptides present in EBV and HHV\u20106 viral antigens alongside various CNS\u2010related proteins via molecular mimicry. Additionally, it will assess the immunogenicity of these shared pentapeptides in T and B cells.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sequence alignment was conducted to assess molecular mimicry between 32 EBV and HHV\u20106 antigens and 10 CNS autoantigens. Protein sequences were obtained from UniProt, structural homology was analyzed using AlphaFold and PyMol, and shared pentapeptides were identified with Alignmentaj. Immunogenicity was assessed via the Immune Epitope Database (IEDB) for potential T\u2010 and B\u2010cell activation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 91 mimicry pentapeptides were identified between viral antigens (42 EBV and 49 human HHV\u20106), and 10 CNS proteins. Notably, synapsin (SYN)1 exhibited the highest mimicry, sharing 13 pentapeptides with (7 with EBV and 6 with HHV\u20106) viral antigens such as EBV nuclear antigen (EBNA)1, EBNA6, latent membrane protein (LMP)1, and early antigen diffused (EA\u2010D). Myelin proteins, including myelin\u2010associated glycoprotein with 12 shared pentapeptides, myelin basic protein with 9, and myelin\u2010oligodendrocyte glycoprotein with 5, displayed immune cross\u2010reactivity with EBV\/HHV\u20106 antigens. EBNA1, EBNA2, EBNA6, LMP1, LMP2, EA\u2010D, and BLLF1 structurally resemble CNS autoantigens and act as immunoreactive epitopes for human T and B cells. Except for EBNA2 and protein U94, all share immunogenic pentapeptide sequences with SYN1.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Shared pentapeptides suggest a link between viral infections and CNS autoimmunity. Further research is needed to clarify molecular mechanisms and explore targeted therapies to mitigate virus\u2010induced neuroinflammation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/iid3.70445","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T11:09:54Z","timestamp":1778670594000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Molecular Mimicry Between Epstein\u2010Barr Virus and Human Herpesvirus\u20106 Proteins and Central Nervous System Proteins: Implications for T and B Cell Immunogenicity in an In Silico Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7667-6731","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abbas F.","family":"Almulla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Psychosomatic Medicine Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Chengdu China"},{"name":"Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology The Islamic University Najaf Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1307-0513","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muslimbek G.","family":"Normatov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Saint Petersburg State University Saint Petersburg Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thitiporn","family":"Supasitthumrong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2012-871X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Maes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Psychosomatic Medicine Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Chengdu China"},{"name":"Cognitive Fitness and Technology Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Medical University of Plovdiv Plovdiv Bulgaria"},{"name":"Research Institute Medical University Plovdiv Plovdiv Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2018.10.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","first-page":"163","article-title":"Molecular Mimicry in Human Diseases\u2010 Phenomena or Epiphenomena?","volume":"58","author":"Acharya S.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of the Association of Physicians of India"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/016164105X49508"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/9781683670131.ch7"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1673-5374.2011.17.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(95)90348-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-1768698"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms11122902"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2021.577636"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2024.11.16.24317434"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-11-205"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.29864"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/neu.2024.10"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2024.11.05.24316765"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","article-title":"Overview of Myelin, Major Myelin Lipids, and Myelin\u2010Associated Proteins","volume":"10","author":"Kister A.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Frontier Chemistry 2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-022-04428-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1389203724666230717124101"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2010.06.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2014.09.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15252\/emmm.201808926"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci13071073"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-44667-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1097-1133"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/0074-02760220200"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.226380"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-04432-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.2007.tb03996.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2014.02.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2019.10.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.757302"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1902623116"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/mcp.M115.051664"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2017.07.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1871520615666150716105543"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"UniProt C. UniProt: A Worldwide Hub of Protein Knowledge Nucleic Acids Res 47. D506\u2010D5152019; 10.","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gky1049"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkab1061"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_38_1","first-page":"8","article-title":"The PyMOL Molecular Graphics System","volume":"1","author":"Schrodinger L.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Version"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1389203711314020003"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/337651a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/12.3.375"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gky1006"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.2011.01076.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2008.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awt279"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-020-00938-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2017.03.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.03763-13"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2014-308095"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12250-018-0063-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-019-0552-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-27348-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/tp.2017.40"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1222939"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2013.126"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_56_1","first-page":"15","article-title":"Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, Depression, and Anxiety Symptoms Due to Relapsing\u2010Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Are Associated With Reactivation of Epstein\u2010Barr Virus and Human Herpesvirus 6","volume":"46","author":"Maes M.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Neuro Endocrinology Letters"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.28793"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/14712598.4.1.11"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0402391101"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0098506"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22189753"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens11111362"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/0-387-25518-4_43"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2006.03.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12026-016-8814-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.757302"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02636-06"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200324794"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20040121"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1349-7006.2008.00852.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.00777"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2022.105856"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.179.8.5090"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.169.1.548"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2014.00504"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adg3032"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02030-14"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-0903-2"}],"container-title":["Immunity, Inflammation and Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/iid3.70445","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/iid3.70445","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/iid3.70445","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T11:30:28Z","timestamp":1780054228000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/iid3.70445"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"references-count":77,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/iid3.70445"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/iid3.70445","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.22541\/au.174538645.50552917\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2050-4527","2050-4527"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2050-4527","type":"print"},{"value":"2050-4527","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-04-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-09","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-05-13","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70445"}}