{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T12:08:30Z","timestamp":1780056510622,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779926400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":27,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Immunity Inflam &amp;amp; Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Combined central and peripheral demyelination (CCPD) is a rare autoimmune\u2010mediated disorder characterized by demyelination affecting both the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. The involvement of the CNS typically manifests as longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis and optic neuritis, whereas PNS involvement commonly presents as chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP). Clinically, the course of CCPD can vary from monophasic to relapsing\u2010remitting, leading to complex and diverse symptomatology. There are few studies on the treatment of CCPD. Here we describe two patients diagnosed with CCPD, summarize their clinical features and symptoms, and suggest new approaches to treating CCPD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Case Presentation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We report two young female patients of CCPD with a relapsing\u2013remitting course. Clinically, initial symptoms of limb numbness and weakness responded to treatment but subsequently recurred alongside visual disturbances. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis via lumbar puncture revealed the presence of oligoclonal bands. Nerve conduction studies indicated significantly reduced motor conduction velocities, prolonged distal latencies, conduction block, and extended F\u2010wave latencies across multiple nerves. Brain MRI scans identified multiple long\u2010T2 hyperintense lesions affecting the cortex, subcortical white matter, brainstem, and spinal cord. Acute episodes showed improvement following administration of intravenous immunoglobulin and high\u2010dose methylprednisolone. During remission, treatment with ofatumumab was initiated, and the patients have since remained stable without further relapses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CCPD is a rare clinical entity that poses a significant challenge for diagnosis and treatment. Our case suggests that Ofatumumab might serve as a potentially effective alternative for CCPD patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/iid3.70459","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T14:41:23Z","timestamp":1779979283000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Case Report of Combined Central and Peripheral Demyelination: Treated With Ofatumumab"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Lili","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Peking University Shenzhen Hospital Shenzhen China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhigang","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Peking University Shenzhen Hospital Shenzhen China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haijun","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Peking University Shenzhen Hospital Shenzhen China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Peking University Shenzhen Hospital Shenzhen China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juanjuan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Peking University Shenzhen Hospital Shenzhen China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2008.07.022","article-title":"Acute Combined Central and Peripheral Nervous System Demyelination in Children","volume":"39","author":"Adamovic T.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatric Neurology"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4618","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-022-11188-7","article-title":"Combined Central and Peripheral Demyelination After COVID\u201019 Vaccination","volume":"269","author":"Coelho P.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Neurology"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/11795735211039913","article-title":"Optic Nerve Demyelination in IgG4 Anti\u2013Neurofascin 155 Antibody\u2013Positive Combined Central and Peripheral Demyelination Syndrome","volume":"13","author":"Verghese A.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Central Nervous System Disease"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4673","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-021-05101-9","article-title":"From PNS to CNS: Characteristics of Anti\u2010Neurofascin 186 Neuropathy in 16 Cases","volume":"42","author":"Xie C.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurological Sciences"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1016\/S0967-5868(99)90068-1","article-title":"Combined Peripheral Nerve and Central Nervous System Demyelination in a Patient With Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy","volume":"6","author":"Butzkueven H.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Neuroscience"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/0887-8994(86)90040-8","article-title":"Acute, Severe, Central and Peripheral Nervous System Combined Demyelination","volume":"2","author":"Amit R.","year":"1986","journal-title":"Pediatric Neurology"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2016.02.022","article-title":"Combined Central and Peripheral Demyelination: Clinical Features, Diagnostic Findings, and Treatment","volume":"363","author":"Cortese A.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of the Neurological Sciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","first-page":"29","article-title":"A Nationwide Survey of Combined Central and Peripheral Demyelination in Japan","volume":"87","author":"Ogata H.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.02.006","article-title":"The Clinical Features of Combined Central and Peripheral Demyelination in Chinese Patients","volume":"317","author":"Wang Y. 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