{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T00:31:35Z","timestamp":1791333095639,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785110400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":26,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Immunity Inflam &amp;amp; Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nasal allergen provocation testing (NAPT) has been shown to be a safe and reproducible test in adults; however, pediatric data are limited. This study aims to investigate the clinical applications, feasibility, reproducibility and safety of NAPT in the pediatric population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In this prospective study, 294 patients (4.16\u201314.25 years old, mean of 7.33 years), with symptoms and medical history of allergic rhinitis (AR) and IgE\u2010mediated sensitization to\n                      <jats:italic>Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Dermatophagoides farinae<\/jats:italic>\n                      were recruited. Participants underwent NAPT with negative control and with increasing concentrations of crude\n                      <jats:italic>Dermatophagoides farinae<\/jats:italic>\n                      (50\u2009\u00b5g\/ml, 500\u2009\u00b5g\/ml, and 5000\u2009\u00b5g\/ml) at 15\u2009min intervals. Pre\u2010 and post\u2010test subjective symptom scores and objective active anterior rhinometry measurements were analyzed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among the 245 participants (83.3%) with a positive NAPT, the majority (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009193, 78.8%) tested positive at 500\u2009\u00b5g\/ml or less. They (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009226, 92.2%) were diagnosed based on an increase in total nasal symptoms score (TNSS)\u2009\u2265\u20095 points. The remaining 7.8% (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200919) required objective measurements to fulfill the criteria for a positive result. Five participants were unable to fully comply with the instructions provided. There were no adverse events recorded during the study. The group which tested positive on NAPT recorded higher sIgE levels than that which tested negative. Furthermore, those with higher serum sIgE levels tested positive on NAPT at lower allergen concentrations. The baseline visual analog scale (VAS) was significantly higher in the group testing positive on NAPT at the lowest allergen concentration, compared with the other groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study demonstrates that NAPT is safe and feasible to be conducted on the pediatric population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/iid3.70487","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T09:02:35Z","timestamp":1785142955000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Clinical Feasibility and Safety of Nasal Allergen Provocation Testing in Pediatric Allergic Rhinitis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Mei\u2010Lan","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Children's Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University (Kunming Children's Hospital) Kunming China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Terese Huiying","family":"Low","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zheng\u2010Cai","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Children's Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University (Kunming Children's Hospital) Kunming China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xian\u2010Yun","family":"Bi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Children's Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University (Kunming Children's Hospital) Kunming China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0909-2963","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"De\u2010Yun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery National University Health System Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Children's Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University (Kunming Children's Hospital) Kunming China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tie\u2010Song","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Children's Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University (Kunming Children's Hospital) Kunming China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying\u2010Qin","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Children's Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University (Kunming Children's Hospital) Kunming China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2001.115569"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2007.01620.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69283-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2019.06.004"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","first-page":"784","article-title":"Prevalence of Allergic Rhinitis in Chinese Children From 2001 to 2021: Meta Analysis","volume":"56","author":"Wang R. 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