{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T11:06:29Z","timestamp":1784113589229,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,14]],"date-time":"2023-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678752000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":13,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Immunity Inflam &amp;amp; Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) manifests with a female predominance, and much attention has been directed towards the integral membrane protein 2\u2009A (ITM2A) gene located on the X chromosome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In a study of 166 pediatric patients with autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), the ITM2A rs1751094 single\u2010nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was genotyped. The sample comprised 143 females and 23 males, with 67 patients diagnosed with Hashimoto chronic thyroiditis (HD) and 99 with Graves' disease (GD). In the 99 GD patients, 49 (49.5%) exhibited thyroid\u2010associated ophthalmopathy (TAO). Among the 85 GD patients, 70.6% (60\/85) were considered intractable GD. The results were compared to those from 198 healthy Korean individuals, including 97 females and 101 males.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The frequency of the rs1751094 C allele and CC\/AC genotype were higher in AITD, GD and HD patients compared to controls, while the frequency of the A allele and AA genotype were lower. The results were more pronounced in female AITD and GD patients compared to male patients. The association was also found in intractable GD and TAO patients. Target SNP fits Hardy\u2013Weinberg equilibrium.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>These findings indicate that the ITM2A gene polymorphism on the X chromosome may contribute to the immunological basis of female\u2010predominant AITD in Korean children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/iid3.800","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,14]],"date-time":"2023-03-14T14:29:09Z","timestamp":1678804149000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Association of ITM2A rs1751094 polymorphism on X chromosome in Korean pediatric patients with autoimmune thyroid disease"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0918-0565","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Won K.","family":"Cho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital The Catholic University of Korea  Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3630-3364","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"In\u2010Cheol","family":"Baek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Catholic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Bank, College of Medicine The Catholic University of Korea  Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1598-3500","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sung E.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine The Catholic University of Korea  Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5332-7136","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mirae","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Catholic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Bank, College of Medicine The Catholic University of Korea  Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2226-2138","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tai\u2010Gyu","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Catholic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Bank, College of Medicine The Catholic University of Korea  Seoul Korea"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine The Catholic University of Korea  Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1971-0232","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Byung\u2010Kyu","family":"Suh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital The Catholic University of Korea  Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2002-0030"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2010.141697"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.86.2.930"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2002-0020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2007.11.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3904\/kjim.1986.1.2.243"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-69-6-1268"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtauto.2020.100058"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2013.597"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2012.0568"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa646"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IOP.0000000000001446"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2815"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni0901-777"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2394"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SHK.0b013e31802e40bd"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","first-page":"151","article-title":"Sexual dimorphism of miRNA expression: a new perspective in understanding the sex bias of autoimmune diseases","volume":"10","author":"Dai R","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ther Clin Risk Manag"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2016.0355"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s10020-020-00256-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1004127"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endocr\/bqaa088"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/genes11080858"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddt183"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jmedgenet-2013-101595"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2016-2625"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-40-5-795"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2013.12.047"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2010.04306.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/hdy.2016.20"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.1986.tb03599.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-44-1-203"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0216941"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tan.14134"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/iid3.541"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0245824"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bth457"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3803\/EnM.2018.33.2.260"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0096535"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-0500-2-180"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-019-0422-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri750"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2024624118"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.aap8855"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2020.108485"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2016.0500"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jendso\/bvab048.1692"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2016.0345"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0905750"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/235680"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2014.0135"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/2304218"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2016.02.002"}],"container-title":["Immunity, Inflammation and Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/iid3.800","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/iid3.800","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/iid3.800","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,20]],"date-time":"2023-08-20T22:21:22Z","timestamp":1692570082000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/iid3.800"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/iid3.800"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/iid3.800","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2050-4527","2050-4527"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2050-4527","type":"print"},{"value":"2050-4527","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-12-25","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-02-21","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-03-14","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e800"}}