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However, the role and mechanism of CSF1 in asthma remain poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to explore the expression and its potential mechanism of CSF1 in asthma.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>CSF1 expression in the airway samples from asthmatics and healthy controls were examined, then the correlations between CSF1 and eosinophilic indicators were analyzed. Subsequently, bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS\u20102B) with CSF1 overexpression and knockdown were constructed to investigate the potential molecular mechanism of CSF1. Finally, the effect of CSF1R inhibitor on STAT1 was investigated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The expression of CSF1 was significantly increased in patients with asthma compared to healthy controls, especially in patients with severe and eosinophilic asthma. Upregulated CSF1 positively correlated with airway\u2010increased eosinophil inflammation. In vitro, cytokines interleukin 13\u00a0(IL\u201013) and IL\u201033 can stimulate the upregulation of CSF1 expression. CSF1 overexpression enhanced p\u2010CSF1R\/CSF1R and p\u2010STAT1\/STAT1 expression, while knockdown CSF1 using anti\u2010CSF1 siRNAs decreased p\u2010CSF1R\/CSF1R and p\u2010STAT1\/STAT1 expression. Furthermore, the inhibitor of CSF1R significantly decreased p\u2010STAT1\/STAT1 expression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sputum CSF1 may be involved in asthmatic airway eosinophil inflammation by interacting with CSF1R and further activating the STAT1 signaling. Interfering this potential pathway could serve as an anti\u2010inflammatory therapy for asthma.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/iid3.847","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,11]],"date-time":"2023-05-11T02:59:16Z","timestamp":1683773956000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Increased expression of CSF1 in patients with eosinophilic asthma"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0366-5342","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lijuan","family":"Du","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010Sen University Guangzhou Guangdong China"},{"name":"Institute of Respiratory Diseases of Sun Yat\u2010Sen University Guangzhou Guangdong China"},{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou 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