{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T16:42:15Z","timestamp":1790700135310,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,8]],"date-time":"2023-05-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683504000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Immunity Inflam &amp;amp; Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The present study was conducted to determine the inflammatory response in the lungs of children with\n                      <jats:italic>Mycoplasma pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      pneumonia (MPP).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study retrospectively analyzed cytokine levels, cytological findings, and\n                      <jats:italic>M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      (MP)\u2010DNA level in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of 96 children with MPP. The study utilized Spearman's correlation method to evaluate the contribution of BALF and blood parameters in MPP children.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      (1) A total of 96 MPP children were classified into the Low MP\u2010DNA MPP group (BALF MP\u2010DNA\u2009\u2264\u200910\n                      <jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup>\n                      copies\/mL) and the High MP\u2010DNA MPP group (BALF MP\u2010DNA\u2009&gt;\u200910\n                      <jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup>\n                      copies\/mL); the Non\u2010fever MPP group (no fever during the entire course of pneumonia) and the Fever MPP group; the Defervescence MPP group (fever had subsided at the time of bronchoscopy) and the Fervescence MPP group; and the Mild MPP group and the Severe MPP group. (2) The High MP\u2010DNA MPP, Fever MPP, Fervescence MPP, and Severe MPP groups had higher levels of interleukin (IL)\u20106, IL\u201010, and tumor necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1 (TNF\u2010\u03b1) in their BALF (all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.05). (3) The proportions of neutrophils and macrophages in the BALF of the High MP\u2010DNA MPP and Fever MPP groups increased and decreased, respectively (all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.05). (4) In the BALF of MPP children, MP\u2010DNA, IL\u20106, IL\u201010, TNF\u2010\u03b1, and interferon gamma (IFN\u2010\u03b3) levels positively correlated with neutrophil proportion while negatively correlated with macrophage proportion (all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.05). (5) The MP\u2010DNA, IL\u20106, IL\u201010, TNF\u2010\u03b1, and IFN\u2010\u03b3 levels in the BALF of MPP children were positively correlated with the levels of C\u2010reactive protein, procalcitonin, lactic dehydrogenase, fibrinogen, and d\u2010dimer, while they were negatively correlated with the albumin level (all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In children with MPP, the pulmonary inflammatory immune response was stronger in the High MP\u2010DNA MPP, Fever MPP, Fervescence MPP, and Severe MPP groups. The relationship between pulmonary cytokine levels, MP\u2010DNA load, and serum inflammatory parameters were found to be weak.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/iid3.849","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,8]],"date-time":"2023-05-08T09:25:05Z","timestamp":1683537905000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Analysis of cytokine levels, cytological findings, and MP\u2010DNA level in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of children with\n                    <i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae<\/i>\n                    pneumonia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Fang","family":"Deng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics Chongqing China"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College Nanchong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huiling","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaohua","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qubei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhihua","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junjie","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Molecular Medical Center Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guo","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Molecular Medical Center Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9105-5650","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chang","family":"Shu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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