{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,14]],"date-time":"2026-03-14T01:31:13Z","timestamp":1773451873271,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,8]],"date-time":"2023-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1691452800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Immunity Inflam &amp;amp; Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Interstitial lung disease (ILD) can manifest before the diagnosis of primary Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome (pSS), however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate the characteristics of lung\u2010onset pSS using chest high\u2010resolution computerized tomography (HRCT) and pulmonary function tests (PFTs).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The data of 102 patients with pSS\u2010ILD were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups: lung\u2010onset group and the nonlung\u2010onset group. The chest HRCT, PFTs, and clinical and laboratory data were evaluated and compared.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among the 102 patients with pSS\u2010ILD, 59 (57.8%) were lung\u2010onset and 43 (42.2%) were nonlung\u2010onset. Chest HRCT in the lung\u2010onset group showed higher percentage of usual interstitial pneumonia and nonspecific interstitial pneumonia, the difference did not reach statistical significance. The total HRCT score was higher in the lung\u2010onset group, compared with the nonlung\u2010onset group (2\u2009[2, 3], vs. 2\u2009[1, 2], <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.014). Total lung capacity (TLC) (%pred) [(75.4\u2009\u00b1\u200916.2) versus (82.8\u2009\u00b1\u200919.4), <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.049] and forced vital capacity (FVC) (%pred) [(82.2\u2009\u00b1\u200919.9) versus (91.6\u2009\u00b1\u200928.3), <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.050] were significantly lower in the lung\u2010onset group, compared with the nonlung\u2010onset group.\u00a0Residual volume (RV)\/TLC (%) significantly increased more than 40% in the lung\u2010onset group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.015). Restricted ventilation disorder, small airway obstruction and reduced diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide\/alveolar volume (%Pred) were more common in the lung\u2010onset group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.038, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.050, and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.050, respectively). Correlation analysis showed that HRCT score was positively correlated with the interval between the onset of pulmonary symptoms and the diagnosis of ILD, serum CA125, and serum CEA. TCL (%pred), VC (%pred), FVC (%pred) were negatively correlated with serum CA125.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Lung\u2010onset is common in pSS patients with more severe lung function impairments. Serum biomarkers, such CA125, CEA, and ALB, were associated with the severity of lung damage.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/iid3.957","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,8]],"date-time":"2023-08-08T13:09:51Z","timestamp":1691500191000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The characteristics of chest HRCT and pulmonary function tests in lung\u2010onset primary sjogren's syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Xin","family":"Dong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanli","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 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China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3011-643X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yongfeng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 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