{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T15:01:23Z","timestamp":1788447683151,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,26]],"date-time":"2023-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695686400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":25,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Immunity Inflam &amp;amp; Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Many factors influence the composition of the sinus microflora. The microbial balance is most disturbed by the use of antibacterial agents. Superinfections caused by more than one pathogen may then occur. Despite treatment, including surgery and long\u2010term antibiotic therapy, many patients with sinusitis do not experience significant relief from their symptoms. It has been hypothesized that an imbalance in the gut microbiota may also be responsible for the chronicity of sinusitis. Our goal was therefore to identify selected gut indicator bacteria that play a role in immunity in patients with chronic sinusitis. In addition, compare the number of selected bacteria in two groups of patients: with chronic sinusitis and with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with concomitant diseases and\/or symptoms other than CRS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Significantly decreased numbers of <jats:italic>Bifidobacterium<\/jats:italic> spp. and <jats:italic>Faecalibacterium prauznitzi<\/jats:italic> bacteria were observed in patients from the G1 group. The majority of patients from this group (12 out of 13) had a significantly decreased number of <jats:italic>Bifidobacterium<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Akkermansia muciniphila<\/jats:italic> bacteria, which are involved in the nutrition and regeneration of gut epithelium cells and have anti\u2010inflammatory properties. In group G2 (patients with chronic sinusitis and symptoms of comorbidities) a decreased number of <jats:italic>F. prausnitzii, Bifidobacterium<\/jats:italic> spp., <jats:italic>A. muciniphila<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic> spp. bacteria was observed. A small percentage of patients in this group showed overgrowth of yeast\u2010like fungi.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although the more research is needed, possibly the gut microbiota indicator bacteria number analyses might enable to plan personalized prebiotic and probiotic treatment, which could support intestine microbiota and mucosal immunity patients suffering from chronic sinusitis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/iid3.996","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,26]],"date-time":"2023-09-26T13:42:34Z","timestamp":1695735754000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Alteration of indicator gut microbiota in patients with chronic sinusitis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8802-1708","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Micha\u0142","family":"Michalik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MML Medical Center  Warsaw Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrianna","family":"Podbielska\u2010Kubera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MML Medical Center  Warsaw Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna Maria","family":"Basi\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Microecology  Pozna\u0144 Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Szewc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Microecology  Pozna\u0144 Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miros\u0142awa","family":"Ga\u0142\u0119cka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of 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