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To define whether this expression was a specific feature of melanocytic malignant transformation, 174 paraffin\u2010embedded melanocytic lesions including naevi, lentigo, primary and metastatic melanomas were analyzed for HLA\u2010G and other HLA class I and class II antigen expression. HLA\u2010G antigen expression in melanocytic cells was found to be significantly higher (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.0003) in melanoma (22\/79, 28%) than in naevi (1\/70, 1.4%), suggesting that upregulation of HLA\u2010G is associated with malignant transformation in this cell type. Further identification of HLA\u2010G antigen expression in inflammatory infiltrating cells results in an overall frequency of HLA\u2010G expressing cells that is higher in melanoma (28\/79, 35.5%) than in naevi (5\/60, 8.3%) or lentigo (2\/23, 8.7%). Upregulation of HLA\u2010G or HLA class II molecules in melanocytic cells thus appears as a better predictor of malignancy than classical HLA class I antigen defects, which are often described as an important mechanism used by tumor cells to evade immune surveillance. Furthermore, HLA\u2010G expression was electively found in lesions that exhibited a high inflammatory infiltrate as well as in patients displaying HLA\u2010A1 genotype. These findings may provide new insights in the comprehension of tumor progression and design of therapeutic approaches aimed at enhancing antitumor immune responses in melanoma patients. \u00a9 2003 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.11456","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,6,2]],"date-time":"2004-06-02T14:21:46Z","timestamp":1086186106000},"page":"243-250","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":75,"title":["Analysis of HLA antigen expression in benign and malignant melanocytic lesions reveals that upregulation of HLA\u2010G expression correlates with malignant transformation, high inflammatory infiltration and HLA\u2010A1 genotype"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"108","author":[{"given":"El 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