{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T00:33:46Z","timestamp":1775694826195,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,10,5]],"date-time":"2001-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1002240000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Intl Journal of Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,1,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Barrett's esophagus (BE) is an acquired disorder due to chronic gastroesophageal reflux. Environmental factors seem to play an important role in the pathogenesis of BE, especially in Western society. A multicenter case\u2010control study was carried out between February 1995 and April 1999 in 8 Italian Departments of Gastroenterology gathered in a study group (GOSPE), in order to analyze the influence of some individual characteristics and life\u2010style habits on the occurrence of BE. Three groups of patients were studied: 149 patients with BE, 143 patients with esophagitis (E) and 308 hospital controls (C) with acute, non\u2010neoplastic, non\u2010gastroenterological conditions. The diagnosis of BE was based on endoscopy and histology. E was defined by the Savary classification (grade I\u2013III). Data collection was performed by using a questionnaire that focused on smoking, coffee and alcohol consumption, medical history, drugs history, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms (heartburn, regurgitation) and socio\u2010economic status. Multivariate analysis showed that the frequency of weekly GERD symptoms was significantly associated with both BE and E (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.0001), such as the presence of hiatal hernia (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u22640.001). Ulcer was significantly associated with BE (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>=0.001). Among patients with E, the risk was directly related to spirits consumption (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>=0.03). Patients with GERD symptoms that lasted more than 13 years were more likely to have BE than E (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>=0.01). In conclusion, results from our study point out that long\u2010standing GERD symptoms, hiatal hernia and possibly alcohol consumption are risk factors in the development of the BE and E. \u00a9 2002 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.1583","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,8,25]],"date-time":"2002-08-25T22:13:08Z","timestamp":1030313588000},"page":"225-229","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":125,"title":["Risk factors for Barrett's esophagus: A case\u2010control study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"Massimo","family":"Conio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rosangela","family":"Filiberti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sabrina","family":"Blanchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Ferraris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Santino","family":"Marchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Ravelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriella","family":"Lapertosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gaetano","family":"Iaquinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Renato","family":"Sablich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Riccardo","family":"Gusmaroli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hugo","family":"Aste","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Attilio","family":"Giacosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"GOSPE","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198608073150605"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(93)90420-H"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.1999.01602.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(20000601)88:11<2520::AID-CNCR13>3.0.CO;2-L"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_2","first-page":"881","article-title":"Incidence of Barrett's adenocarcinoma in an Italian population: an endoscopic surveillance programme. 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