{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T12:02:23Z","timestamp":1790856143630,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,11]],"date-time":"2005-01-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1105401600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Intl Journal of Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The number of melanocytic nevi is the most important independent risk factor for cutaneous melanoma. Aim of our study was to add information to the controversial discussion on the role of chronic\u2010moderate and intermittent\u2010high sun exposure and sunburns for the development of melanocytic nevi by the use of a large longitudinal study. A longitudinal study with a 3\u2010year follow\u2010up was conducted in 1,232 young children 2\u20137 years of age attending 78 public nursery schools in Bochum and Stuttgart, Germany. Total body nevus counts, assessment of pigmentary features and nevus counts on arms of parents were carried out. Parents underwent a standardized interview concerning sun exposure, sunburns and sun\u2010protective behavior. Applying multiple linear regression analysis higher numbers of incident nevi were associated with host factors like light skin complexion (skin Type II\n                    <jats:italic>vs.<\/jats:italic>\n                    IV,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.022) and freckling of the face (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.001), with parental factors like nevus counts on mothers' (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.001) and fathers' (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.004) arms and at least one parent being of German descent (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.006), and with environmental factors like intermittent\u2010high sun exposure during holidays (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.001) and chronic\u2010moderate ultraviolet radiation at home (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.007). Sunburns were a significant risk factor for nevus development (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.005). Total cumulative sun exposure seems to be the crucial environmental risk factor for the development of nevi, whether the child is exposed to chronic\u2010moderate or intermittent\u2010high ultraviolet light doses. Public health education should focus primarily on avoiding sun exposure especially in children with fair skin and parents with high nevus counts. \u00a9 2004 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.20812","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,11]],"date-time":"2005-01-11T17:17:33Z","timestamp":1105463853000},"page":"121-126","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"title":["Risk factors of incident melanocytic nevi: A longitudinal study in a cohort of 1,232 young German children"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"115","author":[{"given":"J\u00fcrgen","family":"Bauer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petra","family":"B\u00fcttner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tine Sander","family":"Wiecker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heike","family":"Luther","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claus","family":"Garbe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.292.6535.1555"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(87)70230-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19900715)66:2<387::AID-CNCR2820660232>3.0.CO;2-J"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12374280"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0749.2003.00047.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0046-8177(84)80310-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0190-9622(92)70133-Z"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a117367"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008980919928"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/90.24.1873"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00008390-200010000-00012"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.10629"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(02)00484-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a117011"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1990.01670280050008"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(89)70131-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(94)90348-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.11293"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.11114"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00008390-199506000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1473","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1996.03890360063011","article-title":"Increase of melanocytic nevus counts in children during 5 years of follow\u2010up and analysis of associated factors","volume":"132","author":"Luther H","year":"1996","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/92.17.1436"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2002.120931"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0022-202x.2001.01685.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1988.01670060015008"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_2","volume-title":"Epidemiological studies of melanocytic naevi: protocol for identifying and recording naevi","author":"English DR","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-82641-2_5"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a116499"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1990.01670300070010"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(03)70143-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1992.01680190057006","article-title":"Benign pigmented nevi in children. 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