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Participants were enrolled during 1989\u20131991 and were followed over 10 years for the development of breast diseases. Controls (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 897) were frequency\u2010matched by age to cases (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 451), who were diagnosed with FBC between 1995 and 2000. Circulating IGF\u2010I and IGFBP\u20103 levels and their molar ratio were positively associated with risk of FBC. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the upper fourth of the distribution compared to the lowest fourth for IGF\u2010I, IGFBP3 and their molar ratio were 3.02 (2.02\u20134.52), 1.92 (1.37\u20132.71) and 2.26 (1.52\u20133.36), respectively. The strength of the association between IGF\u2010I levels and FBC was attenuated after adjustment for IGFBP\u20103 and that for IGFBP\u20103 was largely eliminated after adjustment for IGF\u2010I. Increasing levels of IGF\u2010I were particularly associated with increasing risk of FBC with proliferative elements (ORs and 95% CIs for the 2nd, 3rd and upper fourth of the distribution of IGF\u2010I: 3.13 (1.50\u20136.53), 4.57 (2.22\u20139.39) and 6.30 (3.08\u201312.89), compared with the lowest fourth. Our results suggest that elevated levels of IGF\u2010I may contribute to the development of FBC. \u00a9 2005 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.21624","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,5]],"date-time":"2005-12-05T17:47:09Z","timestamp":1133804829000},"page":"2303-2309","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Insulin\u2010like growth factor\u2010I, insulin\u2010like growth factor binding protein\u20103 and the risk of fibrocystic breast conditions among Chinese women"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"118","author":[{"given":"Chu","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer A.","family":"Doherty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S. 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