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Cox's proportional hazards models were used to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) adjusted for age, time\u2010period, parity, age at first birth, county of residence, and family history of breast cancer. Compared to women completing less than 9 years of education, university graduates were more likely to be diagnosed with <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic> (HR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.28\u20131.63) and invasive (HR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.20\u20131.36) breast cancer, and the lack of homogeneity between these two HRs was statistically significant, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.007. Further stratification revealed that the lack of homogeneity was greatest for breast cancers diagnosed before age 50. Compared to women completing less than 9 years of education, university graduates were associated with the highest survival following a breast cancer diagnosis (lowest fatality hazard ratio), HR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.61\u20130.75. Further research is warranted to elucidate possible behaviors or characteristics associated with education that could explain the differences in incidence and survival, such as compliance with cancer screening. \u00a9 2007 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.23007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,20]],"date-time":"2007-08-20T23:54:05Z","timestamp":1187654045000},"page":"165-169","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":89,"title":["Influence of education level on breast cancer risk and survival in Sweden between 1990 and 2004"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"122","author":[{"given":"Shehnaz 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