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Against this background we present the first detailed trend analysis of childhood (aged under 15) malignancies in Germany. We examined incidence rates separately in western Germany 1987\u20132004 and eastern Germany 1991\u20132004. We analyzed all malignancies, all main diagnostic groups and relevant subsets using an age\u2010period\u2010cohort model. Additionally we fitted fractional polynomials to assess the linearity of the drift. All malignancies combined (excluding Central Nervous System\u2010tumors and neuroblastoma) show a significant trend: +0.7% in western and +1.1% per year in eastern Germany. The overall trend in Germany is mostly due to the significant increase in lymphoid leukemia, which increased significantly in western Germany (+0.7% per year) and significantly nonlinearly in eastern Germany (+3.3% per year until 1998, +0.8% since 1998), catching up from a level 20% below western Germany. This could be due to life style changes since the reunification in eastern Germany influencing early immune system training. We found no trends for acute non\u2010lymphocytic leukemia and non\u2010Hodgkin lymphoma. Hodgkin's disease shows a cohort effect in western Germany after reunification. Improved registration of CNS tumors led to an increase. Neuroblastoma yielded a period effect in western Germany due to screening. With the exception of germ cell tumors, further observations for solid tumor entities are in agreement with those reported for Europe. \u00a9 2007 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.23281","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,12]],"date-time":"2007-12-12T13:48:12Z","timestamp":1197467292000},"page":"1859-1867","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["Temporal trends in the incidence rate of childhood cancer in Germany 1987\u20132004"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"122","author":[{"given":"Claudia","family":"Spix","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dina","family":"Eletr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Blettner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Kaatsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0959-8049(94)00274-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1349-7006.1994.tb02074.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(19960801)78:3<532::AID-CNCR22>3.0.CO;2-Z"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0215(19960103)65:1<34::AID-IJC7>3.0.CO;2-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/91.12.1051"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)17550-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)66728-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2006.05.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3016.1996.tb00054.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.leu.2402252"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(20011001)92:7<1967::AID-CNCR1716>3.0.CO;2-#"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-8049(96)00525-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008940107404"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","unstructured":"KaatschP SpixC. German childhood cancer registry\u2014annual report 2004 (1980\u20132003). (Jahresbericht 2004 (1980\u20132003) des Deutschen Kinderkrebsregisters). <http:\/\/www.kinderkrebsregister.de\/>. Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Biometrie Epidemiologie und Informatik Universit\u00e4t Mainz 2004."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","volume-title":"International classification of diseases for oncology","author":"Percy C","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0959-8049(95)00091-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0215(19961211)68:6<759::AID-IJC12>3.0.CO;2-W"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa012277"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V84.5.1361.1361"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3909","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V89.11.3909","article-title":"A clinical evaluation of the International Lymphoma Study Group classification of non\u2010Hodgkin's lymphoma. The Non\u2010Hodgkin's Lymphoma Classification Project","volume":"89","author":"Anon.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2006.05.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.4780060405"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.4780060406"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0258(20000730)19:14<1831::AID-SIM502>3.0.CO;2-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_2","unstructured":"KaatschP KaletschU SpixC MichaelisJ. German childhood cancer registry\u2014annual report 1998. (Jahresbericht 1998 des Deutschen Kinderkrebsregisters). <http:\/\/www.kinderkrebsregister.de\/>. Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Dokumentation und Statistik Universit\u00e4t Mainz 1998."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2006.06.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj\/leu\/2402422"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_2","first-page":"351","article-title":"Biological models for leukaemias and lymphoma","volume":"157","author":"Greaves MF","year":"2004","journal-title":"IARC Sci Publ"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)09412-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.324.7332.283"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1046470"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/28.4.631"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6600012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1989.20"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)05581-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)02562-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_2","first-page":"1197","article-title":"Temporal trends in the incidence of childhood leukemia, lymphomas and solid tumors in north\u2010west Italy, 1967\u20132001, a report of the Childhood Cancer Registry of Piedmont","volume":"90","author":"Dalmasso P","year":"2005","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008859730818"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djg064"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2006.05.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2006.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-8049(99)00108-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2006.05.008"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Cancer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fijc.23281","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ijc.23281","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]],"date-time":"2023-10-13T03:42:31Z","timestamp":1697168551000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ijc.23281"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,12]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,15]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ijc.23281"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ijc.23281","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0020-7136","1097-0215"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0020-7136","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0215","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,12]]}}}