{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T17:00:44Z","timestamp":1791046844055,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,2]],"date-time":"2008-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1220313600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Intl Journal of Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aetiology of childhood cancer is poorly understood. Both genetic and environmental factors are likely to be involved. The presence of spatial clustering is indicative of a very localized environmental component to aetiology. Spatial clustering is present when there are a small number of areas with greatly increased incidence or a large number of areas with moderately increased incidence. To determine whether localized environmental factors may play a part in childhood cancer aetiology, we analyzed for spatial clustering using a large set of national population\u2010based data from Great Britain diagnosed 1969\u20131993. The Potthoff\u2010Whittinghill method was used to test for extra\u2010Poisson variation (EPV). Thirty\u2010two thousand three hundred and twenty\u2010three cases were allocated to 10,444 wards using diagnosis addresses. Analyses showed statistically significant evidence of clustering for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) over the whole age range (estimate of EPV = 0.05,<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>= 0.002) and for ages 1\u20134 years (estimate of EPV = 0.03,<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>= 0.015). Soft\u2010tissue sarcoma (estimate of EPV = 0.03,<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>= 0.04) and Wilms tumours (estimate of EPV = 0.04,<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>= 0.007) also showed significant clustering. Clustering tended to persist across different time periods for cases of ALL (estimate of between\u2010time period EPV = 0.04,<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>=0.003). In conclusion, we observed low level spatial clustering that is attributable to a limited number of cases. This suggests that environmental factors, which in some locations display localized clustering, may be important aetiological agents in these diseases. For ALL and soft tissue sarcoma, but not Wilms tumour, common infectious agents may be likely candidates. \u00a9 2008 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.23965","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,2]],"date-time":"2008-09-02T18:26:04Z","timestamp":1220379964000},"page":"932-936","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Spatial clustering of childhood cancer in Great Britain during the period 1969\u20131993"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"124","author":[{"given":"Richard J.Q.","family":"McNally","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Freda E.","family":"Alexander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tim J.","family":"Vincent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael 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