{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T16:43:33Z","timestamp":1790786613485,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,19]],"date-time":"2008-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1227052800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Intl Journal of Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>We previously observed a positive association between a history of trichomonosis, a sexually transmitted infection caused by the protozoan, <jats:italic>Trichomonas vaginalis<\/jats:italic>, and prostate cancer risk in the Health Professionals Follow\u2010up Study. To determine the reproducibility of this finding, we conducted a second, prospective investigation of trichomonosis and prostate cancer in the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial. Participants were men (\u226555 years of age) with no evidence of prostate cancer at enrollment (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 18,882). Men were screened annually for prostate cancer, and if not diagnosed during the trial, were offered an end\u2010of\u2010study prostate biopsy. Cases were a sample of men diagnosed with prostate cancer on any biopsy after visit 2 or on their end\u2010of\u2010study biopsy (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 616). Controls were men not diagnosed with prostate cancer during the trial or on their end\u2010of\u2010study biopsy (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 616). Controls were frequency\u2010matched to cases by age, treatment arm, and family history of prostate cancer. Serum from visit 2 was tested for anti\u2010<jats:italic>T. vaginalis<\/jats:italic> IgG antibodies. No association was observed between <jats:italic>T. vaginalis<\/jats:italic> serostatus and prostate cancer. 21.5% of cases and 24.8% of controls had low seropositivity, and 15.2% and 15.0% had high seropositivity. Compared to seronegative men, the odds ratio of prostate cancer for men with low seropositivity was 0.83 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.63\u20131.09), and that for men with high seropositivity was 0.97 (95% CI: 0.70\u20131.34). Given the original strong biologic rationale and potential for prevention, additional studies are warranted to help resolve discrepancies between study findings and to further investigate this hypothesis from a variety of different approaches. \u00a9 2008 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.24144","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,19]],"date-time":"2008-11-19T13:50:33Z","timestamp":1227102633000},"page":"2082-2087","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":82,"title":["Trichomonosis and subsequent risk of prostate cancer in the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"124","author":[{"given":"Siobhan","family":"Sutcliffe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John F.","family":"Alderete","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cathee","family":"Till","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phyllis J.","family":"Goodman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ann W.","family":"Hsing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan M.","family":"Zenilman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angelo M.","family":"De Marzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth A.","family":"Platz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-199503000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","first-page":"587","volume-title":"Sexually transmitted diseases","author":"Krieger JN","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-05-0781"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","first-page":"251","article-title":"Natural history of trichomonal infection in males","volume":"39","author":"Weston TET","year":"1963","journal-title":"Br J Vener Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000277454"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9610(36)90448-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","first-page":"163","article-title":"Incidence of Trichomonas vaginalis in marital partners","volume":"36","author":"Watt L","year":"1960","journal-title":"Br J Vener Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(35)91074-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","first-page":"430","article-title":"Trichomonas vaginalis in the prostate gland","volume":"110","author":"Gardner WA","year":"1986","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","series-title":"Current concepts and approaches to the study of prostate cancer","first-page":"317","author":"Smith CJ","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.7.4155-4160.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/expr.1998.4297"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.7.4200-4206.2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-5822.2005.00522.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cct.2003.11.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwm389"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11934-008-0042-z"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Cancer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fijc.24144","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ijc.24144","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,9]],"date-time":"2023-10-09T17:11:53Z","timestamp":1696871513000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ijc.24144"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,24]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ijc.24144"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ijc.24144","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0020-7136","1097-0215"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0020-7136","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0215","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,24]]}}}