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In this study, we examined the effect of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), an NF\u2010\u03baB inhibitor, on<jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic>(<jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>)\u2010induced NF\u2010\u03baB activation in cell culture and chronic gastritis in Mongolian gerbils. In AGS gastric cancer cells, CAPE significantly inhibited<jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\u2010stimulated NF\u2010\u03baB activation and mRNA expression of several inflammatory factors in a dose\u2010dependent manner, and prevented degradation of I\u03baB\u2010\u03b1 and phosphorylation of p65 subunit. To evaluate the effects of CAPE on<jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\u2010induced gastritis, specific pathogen\u2010free male, 6\u2010week\u2010old Mongolian gerbils were intragastrically inoculated with<jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>, fed diets containing CAPE (0\u20130.1%) and sacrificed after 12 weeks. Infiltration of neutrophils and mononuclear cells and expression of NF\u2010\u03baB p50 subunit and phospho\u2010I\u03baB\u2010\u03b1 were significantly suppressed by 0.1% CAPE treatment in the antrum of<jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\u2010infected gerbils. Labeling indices for 5\u2032\u2010bromo\u20102\u2032\u2010deoxyuridine both in the antrum and corpus and lengths of isolated pyloric glands were also markedly reduced at the highest dose, suggesting a preventive effect of CAPE on epithelial proliferation. Furthermore, in the pyloric mucosa, mRNA expression of inflammatory mediators including tumor necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1, interferon\u2010\u03b3, interleukin (IL)\u20102, IL\u20106, KC (IL\u20108 homologue), and inducible nitric oxide synthase was significantly reduced. These results suggest that CAPE has inhibitory effects on<jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\u2010induced gastritis in Mongolian gerbils through the suppression of NF\u2010\u03baB activation, and may thus have potential for prevention and therapy of<jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\u2010associated gastric disorders. \u00a9 2009 UICC<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.24586","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,18]],"date-time":"2009-05-18T15:54:54Z","timestamp":1242662094000},"page":"1786-1795","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":84,"title":["Anti\u2010inflammatory effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), a nuclear factor\u2010\u03baB inhibitor, on<i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i>\u2010induced gastritis in Mongolian gerbils"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"125","author":[{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Toyoda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tetsuya","family":"Tsukamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shinji","family":"Takasu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liang","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naoki","family":"Hirano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hisayo","family":"Ban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshiko","family":"Kumagai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masae","family":"Tatematsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2004.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01322"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/092986707779941113"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1349-7006.2007.00389.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","first-page":"239","article-title":"Naturally occurring and synthetic inhibitors of NF\u2010\u03baB functions","volume":"15","author":"Umezawa K","year":"2000","journal-title":"Anticancer Drug Des"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.07.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.17.9090"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01941717"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0706421"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-5-158"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/21.5.921"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.11595"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa001999"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","series-title":"Schistosomes, Liver Flukes and Helicobacter pylori, IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans","first-page":"177","author":"IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2006.101634"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(06)70627-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.1997.v113.pm9322504"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2000.8540"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1498"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.4.2205-2212.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-5378.2005.00365.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-5822.2006.00743.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0b013e31804c707c"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1349-7006.2003.tb01409.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_2","first-page":"337","article-title":"Suppressive effects of fruit\u2010juice concentrate of Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc. 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