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Data were collected from 246 leukemia cases diagnosed between 1 January, 1987, and 31 December, 1997. Each case was verified and interviewed. Verified cases were compared to 492 randomly selected controls matched by age, sex, type of settlement (rural, semirural and urban) and administrative region of residency. The cumulative level of radiation exposure from the time of the Chernobyl accident to the date of diagnosis was assessed for each case and corresponding controls. Four dose\u2010range groups were selected for statistical analysis (0\u20132.9, 3\u20139.9, 10\u201399.9 and 100\u2013313.3 mGy). The risk of leukemia was significantly increased (\u20132.4 [95%CI: 1.4\u20134.0]) among those with radiation exposure doses higher than 10 mGy (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.01). The association between radiation exposure and risk was stronger among males (\u20132.8 [95%CI: 1.4\u20135.5, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.01]), and for cases of acute leukemia that were diagnosed during the period from 1987 to 1992 (\u20132.5 [95%CI: 1.2\u20135.1, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.05]), particularly acute myeloid leukemia (\u20135.8 [95%CI: 1.4\u201324.6, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.05]). The influence of possible confounders and methods of selecting controls on the leukemia risk assessment was analyzed. The evaluated risk per unit dose is discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.24834","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,17]],"date-time":"2009-08-17T18:32:02Z","timestamp":1250533922000},"page":"412-426","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Radiation\u2010induced leukemia among children aged 0\u20135 years at the time of the Chernobyl accident"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"127","author":[{"given":"Andriy G.","family":"Noshchenko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oleksandra Y.","family":"Bondar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vira D.","family":"Drozdova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.22037"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-069X-1-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.18356\/f48d655d-en","volume-title":"Sources and effects of ionizing radiation: UNSCEAR 2000 Report to the General Assembly with Scientific Annexes","author":"United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1269\/jrr.19.262"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3578893"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910590307"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004110050049"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0952-4746\/17\/3\/003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","article-title":"Elevated leukemia rates in Chernobyl accident liquidators","author":"Ivanov VK","year":"2003","journal-title":"BMG, Rapid Responses, April 15"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","unstructured":"BebeshkoVG. 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