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In this study, we tested the feasibility and efficacy of human adipose tissue\u2010derived MSCs, engineered to express the suicide gene cytosine deaminase::uracil phosphoribosyltransferase to treat intracranial rat C6 glioblastoma. Experiments were designed to simulate conditions of future clinical application for high\u2010grade glioblastoma therapy by direct injections of therapeutic stem cells into tumor. We demonstrated that genetically modified therapeutic stem cells still have the tumor tropism when injected to a distant intracranial site and effectively inhibited glioblastoma growth after 5\u2010fluorocytosine (5\u2010FC) therapy. Coadministration of C6 cells and therapeutic stem cells with delayed 5\u2010FC therapy improved the survival in a therapeutic stem cell dose\u2010dependent manner and induced complete tumor regression in a significant number of animals. Continuous intracerebroventricular delivery of 5\u2010FC using osmotic pump reduced the dose of prodrug required for the same therapeutic effect, and along with repeated administration of therapeutic stem cells increased the survival time. Intracerebral injection of therapeutic stem cells and treatment with 5\u2010FC did not show any detectable adverse effects. Results support the arguments to begin clinical studies for treatment of high\u2010grade brain tumors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.26278","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,5]],"date-time":"2011-07-05T13:09:56Z","timestamp":1309871396000},"page":"2455-2463","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":71,"title":["Human adipose tissue\u2010derived mesenchymal stem cells expressing yeast cytosinedeaminase::uracil phosphoribosyltransferase inhibit intracerebral rat glioblastoma"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"130","author":[{"given":"Veronika","family":"Altanerova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Cihova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michal","family":"Babic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boris","family":"Rychly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katarina","family":"Ondicova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boris","family":"Mravec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cestmir","family":"Altaner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.11-2-165"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/cc.9.15.12710"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-07-6350"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","first-page":"435","article-title":"Cancer stem cells. 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