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We sought to determine the role of diabetes in the etiology of esophageal, gastric cardia and distal gastric adenocarcinomas (DGAs). This analysis included patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma (EA) (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 209), gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCA) (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 257) and DGA (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 382), and 1,309 control participants from a population\u2010based case\u2013control study conducted in Los Angeles County. The study included non\u2010Hispanic whites, African Americans, Hispanics and Asian Americans. The association of diabetes with the three tumor types was estimated using polytomous logistic regression. Odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated. Nine percent of control participants and 13% of the case patients reported a history of diabetes. After adjustment for age, gender, race, birthplace, education, cigarette smoking status and body mass index, diabetes was associated with an increased risk of EA (OR, 1.48; 95% CI, 0.94\u20132.32; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.089) and DGA (OR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.01\u20132.15; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.045), but was not associated with risk of GCA (OR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.59\u20131.55; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.87). However, the association between diabetes and risk of DGA was statistically significant only among patients for whom we interviewed their next of kin. Our study further investigated the association between diabetes and adenocarcinomas of the esophagus and distal stomach.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.27390","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,8]],"date-time":"2011-12-08T14:51:06Z","timestamp":1323355866000},"page":"1417-1422","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Diabetes and risk of esophageal and gastric adenocarcinomas"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"131","author":[{"given":"Xuejuan","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leslie","family":"Bernstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chiu\u2010Chen","family":"Tseng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna H.","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","volume-title":"IDF diabetes atlas","author":"International Diabetes Federation","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.National diabetes fact sheet: national estimates and general information on diabetes and prediabetes in the United States 2011. 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