{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T14:27:27Z","timestamp":1789914447795,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,26]],"date-time":"2014-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1403740800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Screening Organisation Midden-West, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Screening Organisation Oost, The Netherlands"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Intl Journal of Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We determined whether the participation rate for a brush\u2010based cervicovaginal self\u2010sampling device is noninferior to the participation rate for a lavage\u2010based one for testing for hrHPV (high\u2010risk human papillomavirus). Additionally, positivity rates for hrHPV, the detection rates for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grades 2 and 3 or worse (CIN2+\/3+), and user comfort were compared. A total of 35,477 non\u2010responders of the regular cervical screening program aged 33\u201363 years were invited to participate. Eligible women (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200930,130) were randomly assigned to receive either a brush\u2010based or a lavage\u2010based device, and a questionnaire for reporting user convenience. Self\u2010sampling responders testing hrHPV\u2010positive were invited for a physician\u2010taken sample for cytology; triage\u2010positive women were referred for colposcopy. A total of 5,218 women participated in the brush\u2010based sampling group (34.6%) and 4809 women in the lavage\u2010based group (31.9%), <jats:italic>i.e<\/jats:italic>. an absolute difference of 2.7% (95%CI 1.8\u20134.2). The hrHPV\u2010positivity rates in the two groups were identical (8.3%, relative risk (RR) 0.99, 95%CI 0.87\u20131.13). The detection of CIN2+ and CIN3+ in the brush group (2.0% for CIN2+; 1.3% for CIN3+) was similar to that in the lavage group (1.9% for CIN2+; 1.0% for CIN3+) with a cumulative RR of 1.01, 95%CI 0.83\u20131.24 for CIN2+ and 1.25, 95%CI 0.92\u20131.70 for CIN3+. The two self\u2010sampling devices performed similarly in user comfort. In conclusion, offering a brush\u2010based device to non\u2010responders is noninferior to offering a lavage\u2010based device in terms of participation. The two self\u2010sampling methods are equally effective in detecting hrHPV, CIN2+\/CIN3+ and are both well accepted.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.29026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,13]],"date-time":"2014-06-13T07:27:56Z","timestamp":1402644476000},"page":"646-655","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["Comparative performance of novel self\u2010sampling methods in detecting high\u2010risk human papillomavirus in 30,130 women not attending cervical screening"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"136","author":[{"given":"Remko P.","family":"Bosgraaf","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Radboud University Medical Center 6500 HB Nijmegen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viola M.J.","family":"Verhoef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology VU University Medical Center 1007 MB Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leon F.A.G.","family":"Massuger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Radboud University Medical Center 6500 HB Nijmegen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Albert G.","family":"Siebers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Radboud University Medical Center 6500 HB Nijmegen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johan","family":"Bulten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Radboud University Medical Center 6500 HB Nijmegen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabri\u00eblle M.","family":"de Kuyper\u2010de Ridder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Radboud University Medical Center 6500 HB Nijmegen The 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Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Folkert J.","family":"van Kemenade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Erasmus MC, University Medical Center 3000 CA Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Willem J.G.","family":"Melchers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology Radboud University Medical Center 6500 HB Nijmegen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruud L.M.","family":"Bekkers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Radboud University Medical Center 6500 HB Nijmegen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"471","article-title":"Effect of a mass screening program on the risk of 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