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Three of these monkeys received one dose of 6 to 12 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>8<\/jats:sup> autologous SLCL. These lines were derived from saimiri lymphoid cells permanently transformed by B\u2010EBV in vitro. All three animals developed multiple undifferentiated malignant lymphomas and died 8 to 10 days post inoculation. Necropsy tumor specimens were EBNA\u2010positive and contained 7 to 21 EBV genome equivalents per cell. EBNA\u2010 and EA\u2010positive SLCL were established in vitro from four tumor explants of two monkeys. These results demonstrate that in vitro EBV\u2010transformed SLCL are able to cause tumor formation in autologous squirrel monkeys. Five monkeys received high transforming doses of B\u2010EBV or S\u2010EBV, derived from one of the tumorigenic SLCL. None of the animals developed any sign of tumor formation during an observation period of up to 130 days. Three of these monkeys showed no detectable EBV\u2010related seroconversion while the sera of two monkeys had become anti\u2010EBNA\u2010positive when tested at days 28 and 130 respectively post inoculation. Two additional monkeys received neither EBV nor SLCL. 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