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All cell lines showed measurable ALP activity and in 15 of the lines at least low levels of a heat\u2010stable, presumptively placental\u2010type ALP were detected. In five of these lines where the level of this heat\u2010stable activity was sufficient, further investigation (immunologic, inhibition and electrophoretic studies) demonstrated that this ALP was placental\u2010type in its characteristics and clearly different from liver\/bone\/kidney or intestinal ALPs. In 10 lines the heat\u2010stable activity was too low to allow further characterization. In four lines no heat\u2010stable activity could be detected. The thermolabile ALP activity in these various lines was liver\/bone\/kidney in type. This study suggests that the placental ALP locus may be expressed at least at low levels in a much higher proportion of tumors and tumor cell lines than previously reported. The findings, taken together with recent reports that low levels of placental\u2010type ALP are present in some normal adult tissues (cervix, Goldstein <jats:italic>et al.<\/jats:italic>, 1980; testis, Chang <jats:italic>et al.<\/jats:italic>, 1980), indicate that so\u2010called \u201aectopic\u2019\ufe01 synthesis of placental ALP in tumor cells may not necessarily be due to derepression of a structural locus which is completely unexpressed in normal adult tissues. It may represent an enhancement of expression in malignancy or there may be clonal expansion of a particular cell type which normally expresses the alkaline phosphatase at a high level.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910270510","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,19]],"date-time":"2007-02-19T18:13:52Z","timestamp":1171908832000},"page":"637-644","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Alkaline phosphatase expression in human cell lines derived from various malignancies"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Frances J.","family":"Benham","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J\u00f8rgen","family":"Fogh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Harry","family":"Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000152308"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/25.4.870558"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.76.8.4016"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-8981(78)90134-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01546490"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910110327"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","first-page":"729","article-title":"Increased incidence of placental\u2010like alkaline phosphatase activity in breast and genito\u2010urinary cancer","volume":"34","author":"Cadeau J.","year":"1974","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","first-page":"1506","article-title":"Presence of the rare D variant heat\u2010stable, placental\u2010type alkaline phosphatase in normal human testis","volume":"40","author":"Chang C. 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