{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T23:02:19Z","timestamp":1788390139515,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,17]],"date-time":"2006-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1153094400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6453,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Intl Journal of Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1988,11,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ricin A chain\u2010containing immunotoxins (IT\u2010As) specific for the human B\u2010cell antigen, CD22, were prepared from 4 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) or their Fab\u2032 fragments: RFB4, HD6, UV22\u20101 and UV22\u20102. The ITs were tested for their ability to kill cells from the Burkitt lymphoma line, Daudi, the pre\u2010B\u2010cell leukemia line, NALM\u20106, and the myeloma cell line, ARH\u201077. Daudi expresses high levels of CD22, whereas NALM\u20106 and ARH\u201077 express low levels of CD22. The IgG\u2010RFB4\u2010A was highly toxic to all 3 cell lines; it killed 50% of the Daudi cells at a concentration of 1.2 \u00d7 10\u2010<jats:sup>12<\/jats:sup> M and 50% of NALM\u20106 and ARH\u201077 cells at concentrations of 1.5 to 2.1 \u00d7 10 <jats:sup>\u221211<\/jats:sup> M. IgG\u2010RFB4\u2010A was 10\u201330 times more toxic to Daudi cells than were the IgG\u2010As constructed from the other 3 CD22 MAbs and 10 times more toxic than ricin itself. IT\u2010As constructed from the Fab\u2032 fragments of the 4 CD22 antibodies were 2 to 5 times less toxic to Daudi cells than their IgG\u2010A counterparts. Fab\u2032\u2010RFB4\u2010A was twice as toxic to Daudi cells as ricin, whereas the other Fab\u2032\u2010As were about 7 times less toxic than ricin. Scatchard analyses of the binding of the radio\u2010iodinated antibodies to Daudi cells showed that the intact RFB4 antibody bound 3\u201310 times more strongly than the other antibodies, whereas the Fab\u2032\u2010RFB4 bound 1.2 to 3.5 times more strongly than the Fab\u2032 fragments prepared from the other antibodies. Thus, the potent cytotoxic activity of the RFB4\u2010As appears to derive, in part, from their superior binding affinity. Prior studies have shown that UV22\u20101 and HD6 cross\u2010react with certain normal human tissues lacking cells of B\u2010cell lineage, whereas UV22\u20102 and RFB4 are B\u2010cell\u2010specific. This fact, together with its superior potency as an IT\u2010A, suggests that RFB4 is the antibody of choice for preparing Fab\u2032\u2010As or IgG\u2010As for <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> therapy of human B\u2010cell leukemias and lymphomas.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910420527","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,19]],"date-time":"2007-02-19T21:13:22Z","timestamp":1171919602000},"page":"792-797","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Evaluation of four CD22 antibodies as ricin a chain\u2010containing immunotoxins for the <i>in vivo<\/i> therapy of human B\u2010cell leukemias and lymphomas"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Guo\u2010Liang","family":"Shen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia\u2010Ling","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria\u2010Ana","family":"Ghetie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victor","family":"Ghetie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard D.","family":"May","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Till","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex N.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Relf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phillip","family":"Knowles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan W.","family":"Uhr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Janossy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Amlot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ellen S.","family":"Vitetta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip E.","family":"Thorpe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1424","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V63.6.1424.1424","article-title":"Expression of human B cellassociated antigens on leukemias and lymphomas: a model of human B cell differentiation","volume":"63","author":"Anderson K. 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A.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910230206"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(87)90073-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.155.6.1797"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/227680a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1680","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V67.6.1680.1680","article-title":"Effects of therapy on T101 ricin A chain immunotoxin in two leukemia patients","volume":"67","author":"Laurent G.","year":"1986","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","unstructured":"Li J.\u2010L. Shen G. L. Ghetie M. A. May R. D. Till M. Ghetie V. Uhr J. Janossy G. Thorpe P. E. Amlot P. andVitetta E. S. 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