{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T18:36:29Z","timestamp":1790879789366,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,17]],"date-time":"2006-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1153094400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6241,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Intl Journal of Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1989,6,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A case\u2010control study of risk factors for carcinomas of the tongue, gum, floor, and other specified parts of the mouth was conducted in 3 metropolitan areas in Brazil: S\u00e3o Paulo (South\u2010east), Curitiba (South), and Goi\u00e3nia (Central\u2010West). We analyzed information on demographics, occupational history, environmental exposures, tobacco smoking and alcohol drinking habits, as well as diet, oral and other health characteristics obtained from interviews with 232 cases and 464 hospital non\u2010cancer controls matched for 5\u2010year age\u2010group, sex, hospital catchment area and trimester of admission. Tobacco and alcohol consumption were the strongest risk factors irrespective of the anatomical site. The adjusted relative risks (RR) for ever vs. never smokers were: 6.3, 13.9, and 7.0, for industrial\u2010brand cigarettes, pipe, and hand\u2010rolled cigarettes, respectively. A strong correlation was seen between number of pack\u2010years and risk. The RR for the heaviest vs. the lowest consumption categories (&gt;100 vs. &lt;1 pack\u2010years) was 14.8. Risk levels generally decreased to those of never smokers after 10 years had elapsed since stopping smoking. The risk associated with alcohol was mostly evident for wine (cancer of the tongue) and \u201ccacha\u00e7a\u201d (all sites), a hard liquor distilled from sugar cane. Other important risk factors were drinking \u201cchimarr\u00e3o\u201d (a type of mat\u00e9), use of a wood stove for cooking, and frequent consumption of charcoal\u2010grilled meat and manioc. Oral hygiene characteristics represented correlates of disease risk. A significant protective effect was observed for consumption of carotene\u2010rich vegetables and citric fruits, but not for green vegetables in general.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910430607","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,19]],"date-time":"2007-02-19T16:45:23Z","timestamp":1171903523000},"page":"992-1000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":282,"title":["Risk factors for oral cancer in Brazil: A case\u2010control study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Eduardo L.","family":"Franco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luiz P.","family":"Kowalski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benedito V.","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. Paula","family":"Curado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raimunda N.","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. Estela","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio S.","family":"Fava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Humberto","family":"Torloni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","first-page":"3282","article-title":"Smoking and drinking in relation to oral and pharyngeal cancer","volume":"48","author":"Blot W. 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