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Another B\u2010cell type, represented by chronic lymphocytic leukaemic (CLL) cells, can be readily infected by the virus but is resistant to immortalization. Comparative studies of viral and cellular related events early after infection in these 2 cell types reveal that both express the EB viral nuclear antigen (EBNA) complex, but the immortalization\u2010resistant CLL cells fail to express the latent membrane protein (LMP), which can be detected in PLL cells 48 hr after infection. Circularization of the linear viral genome could be detected at 7 days post infection in the PLL cells, but only in 2 out of 4 CLL cells tested. Both CLL and PLL cells show increased surface expression of CD23 and HLA\u2010DR molecules after infection but, whereas PLL cells show an increase in size, together with RNA and DNA synthesis indicative of cell cycle progression, CLL cells appear to be arrested in the G<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\/S phase of the cycle. The results suggest that the outcome of infection by EBV is determined by the nature of the target cell rather than by random virus\u2010related events. The correlation between the block in immortalization of CLL cells and their failure to express LMP suggests that expression of this protein is essential for <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> immortalization of B cells. The failure to detect circularization in some EBV\u2010infected CLL cells suggests that this, as well as LMP expression, may be dependent on prior activation of the B cell by EBV, an event which may vary between the different CLL samples tested.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910440517","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,19]],"date-time":"2007-02-19T21:39:52Z","timestamp":1171921192000},"page":"846-853","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Activation and immortalization of leukaemic B cells by epstein\u2010barr virus"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"E. V.","family":"Walls","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. G.","family":"Doyle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K. 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