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The second\u2010messenger pathways involved in the regulation of apoptosis in GC B lymphocytes and in BL cell lines were studied using pharmacological agonists or inhibitors of intracellular calcium ([Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>],) and protein kinase C (PKC). Anti\u2010lg was found to mobilize Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> in group\u2010l cells. Pre\u2010incubation with the Ca<jats:sup>2\u2010<\/jats:sup> chelator EGTA partially reduced apoptosis induced by anti\u2010lg or by Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>ionophore in group\u2010l BL cells. Activation of PKC with phorbol ester reduced such Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\u2010driven programmed cell death (PCD) to control levels of apoptosis. Apoptosis in group\u2010l BL cell lines could also be triggered by the kinase inhibitors staurosporine and Ro\u201031 \u20108220 at concentrations selective for PKC activity. Expression of the bcl\u20102 protein in BL group\u2010l cells following gene transfer affords protection from apoptosis induced by ionomy\u2010cin or anti\u2010lg. In the present study, bcl\u20102 was additionally found to protect from apoptosis driven by staurosporine. The high levels of spontaneous apoptosis exhibited fay normal GC 6 cells were reduced, but not abrogated, by co\u2010culture with phorbol ester. These results indicate that, in group\u2010l BL cells, imbalance in the phosphoinositide pathway of signalling, in favour of [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>], and away from PKC, results in apoptosis: constitutive phosphorylation of key proteins by PKC may therefore suppress apoptosis in BL as well as in GC B cells. \u00a9 1992 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910520622","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,19]],"date-time":"2007-02-19T22:47:53Z","timestamp":1171925273000},"page":"959-966","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Second\u2010messenger pathways involved in the regulation of survival in germinal\u2010centre B cells and in burkitt lymphoma lines"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Kirstine A.","family":"Knox","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Finney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne E.","family":"Milner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher D.","family":"Gregory","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael J. 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