{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T07:57:52Z","timestamp":1789891072441,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,17]],"date-time":"2006-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1153094400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3923,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Intl Journal of Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,10,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>CD44 cell\u2010surface receptor expresses multiple isoforms, some of which are believed to play a role in tumor growth and metastasis. The CD44 gene is composed of 19 exons, of which 9 (exons 6 to 14) are alternatively spliced to form inclusions in the intervening membrane proximal region. Sequences present in the shortest metastatic variant cloned from a rat metastatic cell line have been shown to correspond to human exons 10 and 11, also called exons v6 and v7. Using RT\u2010PCR, we have addressed in detail the CD44 isoforms produced in human breast and colon tumors. We analyzed 53 breast\u2010tumor\u2010 and 58 colon\u2010tumor\u2010related samples as well as I benign mastopathy, I normal breast, 4 non\u2010invaded lymph nodes and 8 normal colon tissues. All tumors analyzed expressed the hemopoietic CD44 (CD44H) isoform (no alternatively spliced exons added), whereas 81% expressed the CD44E form (addition exons 12, 13 and 14). Furthermore, 85% of tumors presented complex patterns of expression, with an average number of 5 to 6 bands detected. In view of their implication in the metastatic process, we investigated in greater detail the isoforms containing exons 10 and 11 (v6 and v7). Exon 10 was more frequently expressed than exon 11, 80% and 57% of the samples respectively. The great majority of cases showed ladder\u2010like patterns starting from the shortest forms (exons 5\u201010 or 5\u201010\u201011) and larger\u2010molecular\u2010weight bands corresponding predominantly to sequential inclusions of exons from 3' to 5'. Exon\u201010 and exon\u201011 variants were also found in one benign mastopathy. The majority of normal tissues (1 breast and 6\/8 colon) expressed only the CD44H isoform. These data indicate that expression of metastatic variants is common in human breast and colon tumors and can occur early during cancer progression, as testified by their presence in a benign breast tumor. While expression of exon\u201010 variants were correlated with presence of distal metastases in colon tumors, exon\u201011 variants were not (metastatic events were too rare in our breast\u2010tumor series to reach significance). This suggest that exon 10 may correspond to the minimal sequences required to favor metastatic events. \u00a9 1995 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910640512","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,20]],"date-time":"2007-02-20T01:14:41Z","timestamp":1171934081000},"page":"347-354","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["CD44 expression patterns in breast and colon tumors: A pcr\u2010based study of splice variants"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Carmen","family":"Rodriguez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Genevi\u00e9ve","family":"Monges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Rouanet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernard","family":"Dutrillaux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dani\u00e9le","family":"Lefran\u00e7ois","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Theillet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8091213"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","first-page":"167","article-title":"Chemical composition and tissue distribution of the human CDw44 glycoprotein","volume":"67","author":"Flanagan B.","year":"1989","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","first-page":"4539","article-title":"Normal human tissues, in addition to some tumors, express multiple different CD44 isoforms","volume":"54","author":"Fox S. B.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(90)90236-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(91)90403-L"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.120.1.227"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)42893-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.177.4.897"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","volume-title":"Cancer principles and practice of oncology","author":"Liotta L. 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