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Many neoplasms have been described in experimental animals exposed to benzene. We used Poisson regression to estimate adjusted relative risks (RR) and the likelihood ratio statistic to derive confidence intervals for cause\u2010specific mortality and HLD incidence in 73,789 benzene\u2010exposed compared with 34,504 unexposed workers in a retrospective cohort study in 12 cities in China. Follow\u2010up and outcome assessment was based on factory, medical and other records. Benzene\u2010exposed workers experienced increased risks for all\u2010cause mortality (RR\u2009=\u20091.1, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.1, 1.2) due to excesses of all neoplasms (RR\u2009=\u20091.3, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.2, 1.4), respiratory diseases (RR\u2009=\u20091.7, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.2, 2.3) and diseases of blood forming organs (RR\u2009=\u2009\u221e, 95% CI\u2009=\u20093.4, \u221e). Lung cancer mortality was significantly elevated (RR\u2009=\u20091.5, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.2, 1.9) with similar RRs for males and females, based on three\u2010fold more cases than in our previous follow\u2010up. Significantly elevated incidence of all myeloid disorders reflected excesses of myelodysplastic syndrome\/acute myeloid leukemia (RR\u2009=\u20092.7, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.2, 6.6) and chronic myeloid leukemia (RR\u2009=\u20092.5, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.8, 11), and increases of all lymphoid disorders included excesses of non\u2010Hodgkin lymphoma (RR\u2009=\u20093.9, 95%CI\u2009=\u20091.5, 13) and all lymphoid leukemia (RR\u2009=\u20095.4, 95%CI\u2009=\u20091.0, 99). The 28\u2010year follow\u2010up of Chinese benzene\u2010exposed workers demonstrated increased risks of a broad range of myeloid and lymphoid neoplasms, lung cancer, and respiratory diseases and suggested possible associations with other malignant and non\u2010malignant disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.29591","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,5]],"date-time":"2015-05-05T01:10:54Z","timestamp":1430788254000},"page":"2184-2197","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":77,"title":["A retrospective cohort study of cause\u2010specific mortality and incidence of hematopoietic malignancies in\n                    <scp>C<\/scp>\n                    hinese benzene\u2010exposed workers"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"137","author":[{"given":"Martha S.","family":"Linet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiation Epidemiology Branch Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS Rockville MD"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Song\u2010Nian","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ethel S.","family":"Gilbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiation Epidemiology Branch Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS Rockville MD"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gra\u00e7a M.","family":"Dores","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiation Epidemiology Branch Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS Rockville MD"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard B.","family":"Hayes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology Department of Population Health New York University School of Medicine New York NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roel","family":"Vermeulen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Environmental Epidemiology Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao\u2010Yuan","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Lan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS Rockville MD"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lutzen","family":"Portengen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bu\u2010Tian","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS Rockville MD"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gui\u2010Lan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathaniel","family":"Rothman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS Rockville MD"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"on behalf of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention\u2014U.S. National Cancer Institute Benzene Study Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Benzene","volume":"100","author":"IARC","year":"2012","journal-title":"IARC Monogr Eval Carcinog Risk Chem Hum"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.57.1.10"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","unstructured":"NIOSH. 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